Monday, May 25, 2020

Human Trafficking Modern Day Slavery - 1531 Words

Human trafficking is modern day slavery that occurs with both genders of all ages. Human trafficking occurs mostly in poorer countries like Asia, and Eastern Europe and isn t solely sexual slavery; the victims can be used for labor purposes also. Organizations like Shared Hope International and Coalition Against Trafficking in Women fight to rescue the victims of human trafficking. These organizations spread the dangers of human trafficking through education and public awareness. Often times trafficking and smuggling are confused as being the same concept. The difference between trafficking and smuggling is that â€Å"human trafficking is a crime against a person, whereas smuggling is a crime against the state† (â€Å"Human Trafficking†). Though neither crimes should be taken more seriously than the other, human trafficking is one crime that needs to have a close eye on. Crimes against humans where they are brought pain directly have a more profound effect on peoplesâ⠂¬â„¢ emotions and senses of compassion. Human trafficking occurs all over the world, mainly dealing with women and younger girls, but also involves men and young boys. When hearing the term â€Å"human trafficking,† most people assume that it is strictly women and younger girls/only sexual based, but that is not true. As said on Soroptimist, â€Å"†human trafficking† affects many different people. Men are mainly used for hard work, while women and girls are mainly used for sex† (â€Å"Facts on Human†). All around the world there areShow MoreRelatedModern Day Slavery: Human Trafficking 866 Words   |  4 PagesBlood Borne Connections.) Human trafficking is the modern day slavery, it involves taking control over a person through force, fraud or coercion to exploit the victim for forced labor, sexual exploitation. or both (â€Å"What† par.1). This is become the sad reality for many, approximately three out of every 1,000 people worldwide are being forced into this such slavery. Victim s of human trafficking are people of all backgrounds and ages, no one is safe from the dirty hands of human traffickers. Every yearRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Slavery1244 Words   |  5 Pages Human trafficking Around the world human trafficking happens around us without us noticing or realising what is happening. Modern-day slavery exists around the world and it is known today as human trafficking or trafficking in persons. So, what is human trafficking and why don t many people seek for help or go to athoughty ? Well human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act. Every year millionsRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The Modern Day Slavery Essay1006 Words   |  5 Pagesfield of criminal justice, and is known as the modern day slavery. This paper will also discuss the globalization in human trafficking. The study examines the impact of economic globalization on the human trafficking inflows around the world. This paper will begin by providing the definition of what human trafficking and globalization is, and how it works within the context of law enforcement. The history of human trafficking and how human trafficking is effecting societies across the world. ThisRead MoreHuman Trafficking And Modern Day Slavery Essay1390 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Trafficking There is an ever growing problem that is coursing the world. Every day 3,287 people are sold or kidnapped, and are forced into slavery. (Human Trafficking Statistics Reports 2012) Most people do not realize that modern-day slavery happens closer to home than they think. 14,000-17,500 is the estimated number of people trafficked into the United States each year. (Human Trafficking Statistics Reports 2012) The government has tried to reduce this problem as well as everyday peopleRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Slavery1604 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Trafficking One of the most serious crimes worldwide, human trafficking is the buying, selling, and transportation of people for the use of sexual exploitation, forced labor, or organ removal. â€Å"Human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act.† (What is human trafficking Homeland) It happens in the United States and foreign countries. Many people do not see it happening, but in fact it is happeningRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Slavery1228 Words   |  5 Pages Around the world human trafficking happens around us without us noticing or realising what is happening. Modern-day slavery exists around the world and it is known today as human trafficking or trafficking in persons. So, what is human trafficking and why don t many people seek for help or go to athoughty ? Well human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act. Every year millions of men and woman andRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Modern Day Slavery961 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish IV Nov. 23 2015 How to Stop Trafficking Women are not the only ones being sold today. Man are not the only ones selling humans today. All different kinds of humans are being sold in something called human trafficking. Human trafficking has become a problem worldwide and is effecting all people male, female, children, LGBT. There are many solutions, one of them is to educate the children at a younger age. Human trafficking is like a modern day slavery. The people being sold are forced inRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Slavery1732 Words   |  7 PagesHaley Gooding Mrs. Gallos English 3 Honors 6 April 2017 Human Trafficking One of the most serious crimes worldwide, human trafficking is the buying, selling, and transportation of people for the use of sexual exploitation, forced labor, or organ removal. â€Å"Human trafficking is modern-day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act.† (What is human trafficking Homeland) It happens in the United States and foreign countries. Many peopleRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Slavery1210 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Trafficking Imagine being able to own a business and make nothing but profit. One of the types of trafficking is Labor Trafficking, which helps keep prices cheaper by having cheap workers. If companies do not have people working in factories for very little then a lot of prices would go up crazy like on clothing and furniture. A lot of countries economy are built off sex trafficking which helps the economy significantly. The ongoing â€Å"phenomenon† of human trafficking is not a problemRead MoreHuman Trafficking : Modern Day Slavery Essay1389 Words   |  6 PagesPedraza Human Trafficking Human Trafficking Defined Human Trafficking is â€Å"modern day slavery and involves the use of force, fraud, or coercion to obtain some type of labor or commercial sex act† as defined by the Department of Homeland Security. It is largely unrecognized although it is one of the fastest growing criminal industries. It traffics children, teenagers, and adults. Human Trafficking comes second to drug dealing. There is human trafficking for sexual exploitation, trafficking of organ

Thursday, May 14, 2020

The Most Feared Disorders Is Schizophrenia - 928 Words

Psychological disorders are a very serious matter and everyone needs to be aware of them. Millions of people around the world are affected by these. These disorders could happen to anybody. Several people think it would never happen to them but it still does. They are not contagious and can’t be caught or given to someone else. Many people experiencing symptoms do not even realize they have a disorder. That is why awareness of them needs to be a top priority so these people can get the help they need. One of the most feared disorders is schizophrenia (Myers, 2014, 657). Schizophrenia is a split from reality (Myers, 2013, 657). People with schizophrenia experience all kinds of symptoms. They experience â€Å"disturbed perceptions, disorganized thinking and inappropriate emotions† (Myers, 2013, 657). They began having hallucinations. They see things and hear things that aren’t really there or real. They can imagine touch and sensation too. For example, one young wo man sees cars’ headlights while driving and believes they are eyes and are trying to harm her (Standen, 2014, 1). These hallucinations can result in a person harming themselves. Sometimes these voices tell them to burn themselves (Myers, 2013, 658). This is one of the reasons that everyone fears schizophrenia because it can be harmful or in some cases even fatal to the people diagnosed with it if it’s not treated and just ignored. People diagnosed with schizophrenia also may have difficulty communicating. They areShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Schizophrenia729 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is schizophrenia? â€Å"Schizo† meaning split, and â€Å"phrenia† meaning mind. Schizophrenia is a disorder of the brain that has affected many individuals throughout history. Usually starting in childhood or early adulthood, it is rare for schizophrenia to start after one has reached adulthood. Before schizophrenia was discovered, those with the disorder were considered to be possessed, therefore causing them to be feared or locked up away from those that did not have the disorder. Schizophrenia is chronicRead MoreMental Health1329 Words   |  6 Pagesused to describe long-term psychiatric conditions, which may have significant effects on an individual’s functioning. Some of the most common mental health problems are; anxiety, depression, psychosis, mania, schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, OCD. A qualified clinician should only diagnose such conditions. Anxiety and depression feature as the two most common reasons for people to consult their doctor. There are two sides of mental health, which we all may experience. One side isRead MoreThe Stigma Of Mental Illness With Information1007 Words   |  5 Pagescompletely conscious, with state-of-the-art lobes, but doesn’t come without occasional issues. 25% of our population suffer from some form of mental illness (Klevorick). These disorders can range from mild anxiety to a more crippling mental illness known by many, schizophrenia. The big question here is why are mental illnesses feared? When every other part of your body gets sick, one can get sympathy, except the brain (Wax). The first step to ending the stigma is to understand the different forms of mentalRead MoreSchizophreni A Mental Disorder Essay1278 Words   |  6 PagesSchizophrenia is a mental disorder that takes over a patient’s body and mind. Schizophrenia’s causes and mechanisms remain poorly understood, and the most common treatments do little to restore patients health (Kurtz 7). Schizophrenia affects the person’s brain and ability on to think and function. People with Schizophrenia have voices inside their heads telling them to do things they don t want to. People with schizophrenia are not eligible to control the things they do or say. Schizophrenia isRead MoreSchizophrenia Article and Case Study1172 Words   |  5 Pages! NOVEMBER 11, 2011 SCHIZOPHRENIA Can You See The Voices? By Natascha Schoepl A Battle Against Himself CONNECTICUT - Ken Steele has heard voices most of his life. He was 14 years old when he started having auditory hallucinations. These voices commanded him to hurt himself and they were predicting his death. Hang yourself, the voices told him. The world will be better off. You re no good, no good at all. The voices got louder and louder everyday and he was no longer in control of hisRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of The Man In A Mans Man901 Words   |  4 Pagesproviding him the support his internal working model expected. The severity of his depressed symptoms also stems from his desire to be heard and his want for attention from his siblings. The amount of focus that went into maintaining the family business most likely prohibited a lot of self-care for the family and when Carlos hit a downward spiral after Frank’s death, he hit it hard. Carlos uses projection during â€Å"Session 5†, when asked about his wife and an interaction he had with her. Carlos initialsRead MoreNeurodevelopmental And Neurocognitive Disorders1490 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders Jackeline Rodriguez Psy/410 September 10th, 2014 Caroline Simpson Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders â€Å"The neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of severely disabling conditions that are among the most difficult to understand and treat. They make up about 3.2 percent of cases seen In inpatient settings (Sverd et al., 1995). They are considered to be the result of some structural differences in the brain that are usually evidentRead More Ethical Analysis of A Beautiful Mind Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Analysis of â€Å"A Beautiful Mind† â€Å"A Beautiful mind† is a story based on the life of John Forbes Nash, who is a famous mathematician. Unfortunately, he is suffering from paranoid schizophrenia that majorly affects his personal and social life. Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder in which the patient’s ability to function is impaired by severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes (Hockenbury, 2010). John Nash, the main character, faces many challenges in his professionalRead More John Nash, A Beautiful Mind Essay1628 Words   |  7 PagesWHAT IS SCHIZOPHRENIA? The modern definition of schizophrenia describes it as a long-lasting psychotic disorder (involving a severe break with reality), in which there is an inability to distinguish what is real from fantasy as well as disturbances in thinking, emotions, behavior, and perception (Cicarelli, p. 557). SYMPTOMS Schizophrenia includes several symptoms. One common symptom is delusions, which are false beliefs that the person holds and that tend to remain fixed and unshakable evenRead MoreSchizophreni A Devastating Psychotic Disorder1710 Words   |  7 Pages Could you imagine waking up one day realizing you not only lost everything you thought you once had, but realizing they never existed? Schizophrenia is a â€Å"Devastating psychotic disorder that may involve characteristic disturbances in thinking, perception, speech, emotions, and behavior.† (Barlow Durand, 2015, 2012). Meaning that it’s a mental disorder that completely allows your mind to be in an altered state, making it almost impossible to tell the difference between the real truth and the truth

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Ethical Issues Of An Organization - 1595 Words

Definition - Ethical issues Situations in which, on moral grounds, persons ought both to do and not to do something. Such a definition implies that issues of conflict and choice are central to moral dilemmas. Definition - Legal issues To promulgate or send out. In a lawsuit, a disputed point of law or Question of Fact, set forth in the pleadings, that is alleged by one party and denied by the other. Definition - shared information The exchange of data between various organizations, people and technologies. Definition – organisation An organized group of people with a particular purpose, such as a business or government department. Definition - procedures and conventions A meeting or formal assembly, as of representatives or delegates, for discussion of and action on particular matters of common concern. Definition – privacy A state in which one is not observed or disturbed by other people. Definition – permission The action of officially allowing someone to do a particular thing; consent or authorization. Definition – information Facts provided or learned about something or someone. Definition – laws The system of rules which a particular country or community recognizes as regulating the actions of its members and which it may enforce by the imposition of penalties. Definition - intellectual property Intangible property that is the result of creativity, such as patents, copyrights, etc. Definition - social implications The effect of an activity on theShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Issues Of Business Organizations2096 Words   |  9 PagesLeaders of business organizations should consider the fact that ethical issues are always a part of any organizational progress. Hence, to be able to understand the issue better, it is essential to know what ethics really pertain to. According Wesley Cragg, â€Å"ethics pertain to values and attitudes of people†. For this reason, the addressing of the ethical issues involves the ability of a leader to understand the values and attitudes of others towards certain situations (1997, 13). Ethics then areRead MoreLegal and Ethical Issues in Organizations579 Words   |  2 PagesLegal and ethical issues are closely interlinked, mainly because the legal framework of a society is usually based on its moral and ethical norms, in the sense in which it is built on the norms that the people in that society believe in. When it comes to an organization, there are several levels of interest. First, the overall legal framework of the country in which the organization is operating trumps all other legal or ethical norms. In many situations, companies that have foreign subsidiariesRead MoreEthical Issues in Hrm in Organizations4398 Words   |  18 PagesETHICS IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT QUESTION Identify any ethical issues most likely to take place in the function of HRM in an organization â€Æ' Introduction The term ‘organizational justice’ refers to the extent to which employees perceive workplace procedures, interactions and outcomes to be fair in nature. These perceptions can influence attitudes and behavior for good or ill, in turn having a positive or negative impact on employee performance and the organization’sRead MoreEthical Issues in Human Services Organizations2118 Words   |  9 PagesEthical Issues in Human Services Organizations Nutritional well-being plays an essential role in the overall health, independence, and quality of life of older persons as well as disabled persons. This nation has a responsibility to at risk populations such as the elderly. Today, there are close to 6 million seniors in the United States facing the threat of hunger. Some of these citizens were raised during the Great Depression, they went on to protect our independence in the Second World War andRead MoreEthical Issues Managers Face in Creating a Diverse Organization786 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Issues Managers Face in Creating a Diverse Organization By: Eduardo R. Zayas-Quià ±ones Some time not long ago we thought of America as a melting pot of cultures and ideologies. That view placed under the light of several generations of struggle for equality no longer holds true. Yes, we are here in the same pot but instead of melting, we have chosen to hold on to our roots, our cultures and ideologies. We wont let go of these so, we are just learning to get along together, and insteadRead MoreInternational Business Ethics And Ethical Issues Within International Organizations1113 Words   |  5 Pagesinternational business encourage firms and organisations to become socially responsible and ethical global citizens? What I am here to tell you today is that with the correct organisational procedures, internationally renowned businesses are able to become socially responsible and ethically recognised. However when international organisations have unseemly and immoral behavioural standards, generating ethical global citizens is out of the question. Today international business ethics have a numberRead MoreEthical And Legal Issues Related With Shared Information Within An Organization Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pages4A: Describe ethical and legal issues related to shared information within an organisation, and the related procedures and conventions for privacy and permission. Within an organisation, there are numerous procedures and conventions put into place that ensure the privacy of the user and their content. The ownership of information created by or made available to the user in an organisation is often a subject of controversy. An organisation has the undisputed right to manage and monitor informationRead MoreThe Responsibility Project Essay951 Words   |  4 Pages Ethical principles contribute and can be utilized to address the organizational issues. This paper will discuss the way ethical principles get used for addressing the issues. This paper includes the information of a short film which is retrieved from the Responsibility Project web site. The paper includes several discussions which are; why are the issues in film are important? What role do external social pressures have in influencing organizational ethics? How might these issues be relevantRead MoreIndividual Rights and the Business Organization1543 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: Individual Rights and the Business Organization Individual Rights and the Business Organization Introduction In todays highly uncertain business environment, businesses and individuals face a number of ethical issues which arise due to different internal and external environmental factors and impact the individuals within and outside the organizations. The ethical issues which negatively impact the privacy, morale, and societal values of individuals include fraudulent businessRead MoreThe Responsibility Project Essay940 Words   |  4 Pages Instructor The Responsibility Project Ethical principles are something that can address any organizations issues. How to use these ethical principles are what we will address in this article. From the website â€Å"The Responsibility Project†, we will see how ethical principles are important in any organization, and how they can shape and change them. From the website, we will be reviewing the film â€Å"Good Vibrations†. Why are the issues in the film important? Good Vibrations is an animated

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Strategic Management Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management OR Sustainability . Answer: Strategic Management In the modern business environment, the organization has to deal with an array of factors that affects its ability to expand their activities in the market, reach more consumers and generate huge revenues. In response to such targets, themanagement takes various processes and actions aimed at facilitating and further positioning the business in a competitive environment. Such positioning would only be possible with the adoption of strategicmanagement strategies because the process is paramount in improving its preparedness to deal and address the unexpected competitive demands from the environment(Langley, Smallman, Tsoukas, Van de Ven, 2013). As such, the strategicmanagement must be an all-encompassing method of formulating, evaluating and implementing managerial decisions in a manner that permits the organization to achieve its objectives. For this to happen, themanagement must show concerns, involve many parties, train the participants and make well-organized plans. Woolworth Case Study Woolworths first opened its business many years ago in Sydney in 1924. The initial market was a bargain basement outlet but later evolved over time to include many business units spanning across the globe. By 2012, the enterprise has developed to become one of the largest supermarket chains both in New Zealand and Australia regarding market share and consumer base. Woolworths operates various brands that include Woolworths supermarket's outlets, Dick Smith Electronics, Dick Smith Powerhouse and others. The group generated large revenues from its different business and service portfolios, but recently the case has been the exact opposite. For example, from 2006-2012, the company posted huge profits with 3.3% average growth during the period (Walsh, 2014). However, Biddle explains that over the recent years, the benefit has begun to dwindle due to problems with suppliers and changing business environment. Besides, there has been intense competition from other brands and this has affected its market growth for the last two years. As a result the management has decided to lay off workers to adopt to the market forces and make profit. The chain has also been in the news for positive reason such as the use of technology to enable consumers manage their buying behaviors which is a blow to its competitors like amazon and Coles(Biddle, 2016). Strategic Management The terms Strategic management is defined as the process in which a firm formulate and implements strategic plans to achieve its objectives. The process is continuous and entirely determined by the evolving organizational goals, values, missions and visions. All kind of businesses be it small, or big engage in strategic management to master the industrys trends and other changes in globalization and technology(Vogel Gttel, 2013). There are various theories used in strategic management in the organization. Some of the concepts involved the term goal setting, strategy formulation and implementation, and policy monitoring. On the other hand, the models applied in strategic management are necessary for the development and implementation of a plan and also in satisfying its mission and vision in the market. The model reviewed has some significant similarities such as performing an analysis of the environmental, determining the direction, development of and controlling of the strategy(Vog el Gttel, 2013). The theory analyzed includes goal based planning, alignments and organic planning models. Goal-Based Planning Model One of the models used in strategic management Goal-based Planning also known as is an Issue-based model. The mode is utilized by organizations such as Woolworth because they are established. It is used when the management wants to delve deeper strategic management process (Sun, Vancouver, Weinhardt, 2014). When the management uses the theory, the first step is the SWOT analysis used in the assessment of internal and external forces present in the organization. Secondly, the theory explains that identification of the major problems and goals will be prioritized. Besides, the vision, mission, and values are reviewed and updated to align with the critical issues and goals formulated by the management. According to the model, then action plans and strategies to achieve the targets are used in the implementation of the goal(Grable Carr, 2014). The model has an influence on strategic management of Woolworth group. The management of the company has formulated and developed action plans, also known as SMART goals. This means the development of targets that are Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Results-oriented, and Time-bound(Beneke, Blampied, Cumming, Parkfelt, 2015). Above this, strategic plans which take long to be implemented such as more than one year comes up with strategic plans for a period ranging 3-5 years that are followed by updates and annual reviews of the larger project. For example, firms ensure there is regular monitoring, evaluation, surveillance and updating of the plan to make them effective and. Besides, these actions are drafted into an actual plan where the employees and other stakeholders can keep track on the company commitment to achieve them(Jie, Parton, Chan, 2015). Alignment Model Another type used in strategic management of Woolworth is alignment model. The model focus on ensuring there is an alignment of the organization's mission and resources for the smooth implementation of the mission. The model is very useful to firms managers who want to fine tune the set goals and evaluating why the company is unable to achieve these desired goals(Vogel Gttel, 2013). In the model, the management role is to examine and review the mission, resources, and goals and to be the needed support. Further, discussion to understand what is going well and the issues which need adjustment is paramount. Therefore in the plan, the planning process prioritizes the changes which require being made and the methods of addressing them(Handfield, Cousins, Lawson, Petersen, 2015). The model is very influential in the management processes because the firm has aligned its resources, and environment with the missions and set goals. For instance, in the process of strategic management, the mission and visions objectives are linked to the environment which means they are set in consideration of the environmental opportunities and threats. Besides, the strategy actions and plans take place through the firms structure, culture and leadership and then evaluation take place(Dos Santos, Svensson, Padin, 2013). Organic Planning Organic Planning model can be applied in the context of strategic management in the organization that has stakeholders which wield immense power in the management. The model follows a linear approach and moves from broad to specific. The process that is followed includes a continual focus the shared values, dialogue and communication that between and the stakeholders. These stakeholders are given an opportunity to contribute their ideas and share them with the larger group and are synonymous with the brainstorming(Handfield, Cousins, Lawson, Petersen, 2015). The model is very influential in the management style of Woolworth because it encompasses diverse stakeholders with varying amounts of power in the organization. Practically, the management and the board when arriving on something follows the storyboard technique and other similar technique known as the nominal group method where all the stakeholder involved has to play an active role in discussing issues and agreeing on what next. The model is relevant because it guards the tendency of few dominating the session while others are overlooked when discussing issues (Juan Ding, Jie, Parton, J. Matanda, 2014) Conclusion and Recommendations According to the model examined above, the process of strategic management in very essential for the organization success. Many managers and leaders ensure that the goals and objectives to be achieved are linked to the mission, vision and the organization internal and external environment. Further, they must be specific, measurable, and attainable and result oriented. Monitoring, evaluation, and update of the goals and objectives are done to ensure they respond to changes taking place. Essential to consider in strategic management is organization structure, resources, culture and the important stakeholders in formulation and implementation of strategies. The recommendations of the paper is therefore based on the strategy formation, formulation, implementation, and monitoring. In the formation level, the organization need to consider the ever-changing environment and include issues such as technology, competition, and globalization because they have a bearing on how the process takes place. Therefore, they must be adapted to the changing nature of the workplace and global technology as well as emerging markets. In the strategy formation, the information available must be well utilized and greatly considered when making strategic decisions such as how to address the challenges facing the organization. For instance, the changes in the environment mean employees need to be trained with competencies and skills relevant in the market. It should also be oriented toward ensuring the organization is profitable and maintaining a competitive advantage. In the stage of strategy implementation where the real policy is put into practice, the management needs to have all the necessary resources to achieve the strategic plan to life. These should be implemented through the formation of programs, budgets, and policies aimed at managing the finances, operational goals and human resources and. Essential to consider is the level of cooperation between senior workers and other personnel to make the process successful. Finally, the process of strategy monitoring should be used to measure the fundamental goals and use the methods which produce the accurate results to understand the level of success and failure. Therefore the tools used should reveal to management the areas where they need to update when to make it adapted to the changes. References Beneke, J., Blampied, S., Cumming, R., Parkfelt, J. (2015). Scrutinising the effectiveness of customer loyalty programmes: A study of two large supermarket chains in South Africa frican . Journal of Business Management, 9(5), 212-222. Biddle, I. (2016). The Wesfarmers/Woolworths duopoly war: The Bunnings vs. Masters battle. Busidate, 24(3), 3. Dos Santos, M. A., Svensson, G., Padin, C. (2013). Indicators of sustainable business practices: Woolworths in South Africa. Supply Chain Management. An International Journal, 18(1), 104-108. Grable, J. E., Carr, N. A. (2014). Risk tolerance and goal-based financial planning. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 68(1), 12-14. Handfield, R. B., Cousins, P. D., Lawson, B., Petersen, K. J. (2015). How Can Supply Management Really Improve Performance? A Knowledge?Based Model of Alignment Capabilities. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 51(3), 3-17. Jie, F., Parton, K., Chan, C. (2015). Australian beef supply chain integration: case studies of the two largest Australian supermarkets. International Journal of Supply Chain and Operations Resilience, 1(2), 121-138. Juan Ding, M., Jie, F. A., Parton, K., J. Matanda, M. (2014). Relationships between quality of information sharing and supply chain food quality in the Australian beef processing industry. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 25(1), 85-108. Langley, A., Smallman, C., Tsoukas, H., Van de Ven, A. H. (2013). Process studies of change in organization and management: Unveiling temporality, activity, and flow. Academy of Management Journal, 56(1), 1-13. Sun, S., Vancouver, J. B., Weinhardt, J. M. (2014). Goal choices and planning: Distinct expectancy and value effects in two goal processes. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 125(2), 220-233. Vogel, R., Gttel, W. H. (2013). The dynamic capability view in strategic management: A bibliometric review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(4), 426-446. Walsh, B. (2014). Chain store retailing in Ireland: a case study of FW Woolworth Co. Ltd, 1914-2008. Journal of Historical Research in Marketing, 6(1), 98-115.