A Concert Performance to Remember Essay -- Journalistic Descriptive

Teacher Comment As a part of the requirement for this course, each student must attend two stretch out performances and submit a concert report on each. The reports should demonstrate Active Listening and not be merely reviews or critiques. I am interest in the students project at this particular performance. There is no obligation to use fancy terminology. Just tell me what happened, how it affected you, how this experience bequeath influence your plans for future concert attendance? I am particularly moved by a report that helps me to relive the concert or one that makes me sorry that I missed it. This essay does just that.The University Symphony Orchestra conducted by I. M. Conductor and featuring Young Virtuoso on soft performed in freeborn Hall on December 3, 2004. Included in the program were works by the German twentieth-century composer Paul Hindemith and the German romantic composer Johannes Brahms. Although both pieces were quite long, the audience, comprised chief ly of students (the concert was free), seemed dazzled by Holomans masterful command and Boriskins virtuosic display on the keyboard. The first piece performed, Hindemiths Symphony Mathis der Maler, called for the entire orchestra featuring an tremendous string and brass section as well as a percussion section complete with glockenspiel and triangle. After a brief intermission, Michael Boriskin appeared on stage with the orchestra for a splendid performance of Brahmss Concerto No. 2 in B-flat Major for Piano and Orchestra, opus 83. Since both pieces were quite long, this discussion will be devoted to the work by Brahms. The first movement, Allegro non troppo, opened with a lone French horn stating the theme, which was then emulated ... ...ement seems the perfect release from the unhomogeneous passions of the first three. The piano and strings seemed to be blended more in the fourth movement. Often the two would play the thematic rhythmic pattern in unison, heavil y accenting and separating the notes. A rapid run up the keys of the piano and a final swell in the strings brought Allegretto grazioso to an abrupt end. introductory to attending this concert, I had never seen a performance involving piano and orchestra, and quite frankly, I wasnt sure if it would work. I thought that the piano might subjugate the orchestra, or vice versa, or that the combination would be too busy. I found that with a proper balance in the arrangement between piano and orchestra, and a skillful conductor such as D. Kern Holoman collaborating with a virtuoso such as Michael Boriskin, the genre can be most satisfying.

Pauls Relationship with Clara in Sons and Lovers :: Lawrence Sons and Lovers Essays

Pauls Relationship with Clara in Sons and Lovers Pauls relationship with Clara is based on passion. Her womanliness impresses him from the first time that they experience and throughout their relationship. Since Paul has never had any sexual experiences Clara amazes him thoroughly because she is so sensual, unlike Miriam who is afraid of any physical contact and his mother who is not in a position to offer him such things. During their relationship, Paul matures from a boy into a man not lonesome(prenominal) physically but also mentally. Sadly, repayable to their age difference and their different perceptions of life, their relationship falls apart. Another great reason for the failure of their relationship is the fact that Clara is married. When Paul had to go to Willey farm to make for Clara he was very excited even though at that stage of his life he was seeing Miriam Evidently his eagerness to be early straight off had been the new-comer (p.269). Not only was h e eager to meet her but There was something he hankered after, whenever he heard Miriam speak about Clara he fight and would get slightly angry (p.268). When he entered the parlour the first thing he noticed was the nape of her white neck, and the fine hair lifted from it (p.269). contrasted him, Clara was quite indifferent towards Paul in the beginning She rose, looking at him indifferently (p.269). It is rather curious how in the beginning Paul is obsessed with Claras torso He noticed how her breasts swelled inside her blouse, and how her shoulder curved handsomely under the thin muslin at the top of her arm, while she in a way was annoyed by him She did not mind if he observed her hands. She intended to scorn him (p.270). He was self-conscious in her presence while she almost of the time acted as if he was not there Paul was rather self-conscious because he knew Clara could see if she looked out the window. She didnt look (p.272). Paul is not only attracted by Cl ara, but he is also curious to find out about her since he has never met a woman like her before A hot wave went over Paul. He was curious about her (p.

Genetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings by

The evolution of technology has been hand in hand with the human subjugation of earth, but the question persists, when does the use of technology go too far? Advances in medical science have increased the average human lifespan and improved the quality of life for individuals. Medical science and biology are steadily arriving at mod ways to alter humans by the use of advanced genetic alteration. This technology gives rise to the question of how this new technology ought to be used, if at all. The idea of human enhancement is a very general topic, since humans are constantly enhancing themselves through the use of tools. In referring to human enhancement, I am referring specifically to the use of genetic intervention prior to birth. Julian Savulescu, in his, Genetic Interventions and the Ethics of Enhancement of Human Beings, argues that it is not only permissible to inject genetically, but is a morally obligatory. In this paper, I will argue that it is not morally oblig atory to intervene genetically even if such intervention may be permissible under certain criteria. I will show, in contrast to Savulescus view, that the moral province to intervene is not the same as the moral obligation to prevent and treat disease. In short, I will show that the ability of humans to intervene genetically is not sufficient to establish a moral obligation.The first argument given for the obligation of genetic enhancement is the postulate of the Neglectful Parents. Savulescu considers the slip of paper of two types of parents, the neglectful parents and the lazy parents. The neglectful parents have a child that has a condition wherein a simple, cheap dietary supplement must be given so that the child maintains an advanced intellect. ... ...ealth Organization. World Health Organization, 3 September 2007. Web. 4 Apr 2011. .Nordqvist , Christian. What Is Health? What Does Good Health Mean?. Medical intelligence activity Today 21 May 2009 n. pag. Web. 1 Apr 2011. .P arens, Erik. Special Supplement Is Better Always Good? The Enhancement Project. Hastings Center Report 28.1 (1998) s1-s17. Web. 1 Apr 2011. .Parker, Michael. The beat Possible Child. Journal of Medical Ethics 33.5 (2007) 279-283. Web. 1 Apr 2011. .Savulescu, Julian. Genetic Interventions and the Ethics of Human Beings. Readings in the Philosophy of Technology. Ed. David Kaplan. 2nd ed. Lanham Roman & Littlefield, 2009. 417-430.

Problems in Air Traffic Control and Proposed Solutions Essay -- Aviati

Problems in Air Traffic Control and Proposed Solutions In blue California this summer, the Federal Aviation Administration(FAA) unwittingly performed its first operational test of free flightaviation without direct air traffic control. This was an unintentionalexperiment because it was a result of a total shut-d make of the Oakland Air RouteTraffic Control Center (ARTCC).Although Oakland is only the 16th busiest ARTCC, its responsible forthe largest block of airspace of any ATC facility 18 million square miles.Oakland directs all upper- take flight from San Luis Obispo, California to theCalifornia/Oregon boarder, including most Pacific oceanic routes. The ill fortunehappened at 713 a.m. local time during the morning departure push.Controllers estimated there were 60-80 aircraft under their control when thepower died. All radar screens went dusky and all radios went silent. It took 45minutes to restore radios and bring up a backup radar system. It was more thanan hour before the main radar presentations came on line. One controller described the sudden quiet in the control suite as theloudest silence Ive ever heard (UPI , 1995). He went on to offer there waspanic on everybodys face as they realized they had been rendered deaf, dumb,and blind by this catastrophic equipment failure. It took a few minutes forcontrollers to realize the shut-down had affected the unblemished facility. There wasno book procedure to cover this emergency scenario, so most controllersimprovised. Controllers in adjourning Los Angeles, Salt Lake, and Seattle ARTCCs andvarious Terminal Radar Approach Controls (TRACON the level of radar coveragebelow upper-level ARTCC radar) were asked to take control over all airspacewithin their radar coverage, and divert aircraft under their control incoming toNorthern California. Control towers in San Francisco, Oakland, San Jose,Sacramento, and other airports in the area were instructed to hold all IFRdepartures on the ground. The mo st difficult problem was getting notification tothe mobile flight crews. In one case, controller Mike Seko said, We had Napatower telling high altitude aircraft Oakland Center had lost everything, and toswitch to emergency frequencies (Seko, UPI, 1995). simply most airborne aircrafton Oakland Center frequencies were in a state of l... ...ly privatize it, another torework it from within, and a few other variations of those. Legislators havetheir own reasons to support certain bills is our safety one of them? The Federal Times editorial sums up an everyday controllers concern.Hes the one works with that aged computer equipment, hes the one working theunnecessarily long shifts, hes the one scared every day his screen will go darkduring the morning rush hour. I would be be to listen very closely to hisconcerns and follow his recommendations towards a solution. The FAAs Quality statement declares the agency as an organizationdedicated to eliminating barriers, improving commun ication, providingadditional opportunities for training, and constantly encourage all personnelto seek ways to improve. The FAA is proud of its Quality activities becausethey foster such initiatives as continuous improvement of work processes,empowerment of employees, partnering of weary and management, and re-engineering. (World Wide Web FAA Home-page, 1995) These are very lofty goalsthat always require improvement. But will disaster strike before their processesgets us a new ATC system?

Quebec Essay -- Quebec Profound Nationalism, Sovereignty

The reaction to a majority vote in Quebec and their subsequent succession.Quebec has struggled with a need to be maitres chez nous masters of their own dramaturgy (Young, 1998). Many attempts at resolving Quebecs issues has resulted in tensions from both sides. Because Quebec has a strong national identity, and do not define themselves as strictly Canadian, Quebec is seen as difficult, pertinacious and discontented. Quebecs separation perhaps is inedible and the future of Canada questionable. Canada without Quebec will bring about many complications and whether there is a rest of Canada (ROC) after Quebec a major challenge. western sandwich alienation and the lack of representation in federal affairs will be a factor moreover, past actions and historical slips may have move Canada into a time bomb, and the deterioration of the provinces the only sulotion. How First Ministers react to Quebecs sovereignty regarding economic factors, political structure, and constitutional issues w ill be of great importance. Whether emotional issues will play a major role in decision making is subjective however, it is fair to say that it will be an emotionally charged event and it could either tear apart the ROC or fuse it together. Placing emphasis on investigating what keeps Canada together is perhaps the key to Canadas future, and salvaging a kin with Quebec. To decide what to do after Quebec separates, First Ministers and the ROC, must first look at why it happened. Perhaps Quebecs profound nationalism and unique national identity conflicted with citizens in the ROC in order to gain understanding of their decision the ROC must look at Quebecs past. Quebec was not always treated fairly nor where they given many rights in regards t... ... A successful strategy in the accommodation of national minorities within a liberal democracy could be founded upon mutual trust, recognition and sound financial arrangements. However, a certain degree of tension between central and re gional institutions may remain as a constant threat in this complex relationship since they entertain opposing aims. The federal governments determination to protect its territorial integrity, and its will to foster a single national identity among its citizens clashes with Quebecs wish to be recognized as a separate nation and decide upon its political destiny and to foster its distinct identity (Guibernau pg.72). Moreover, if the ROC and the federal government can contract to an agreement on terms that satisfy the majority and an identity that encompasses the heart of a country Canada will continue to exist with or without Quebec.

Quebec Essay -- Quebec Profound Nationalism, Sovereignty

The reaction to a majority vote in Quebec and their subsequent succession.Quebec has struggled with a need to be maitres chez nous know of their own house (Young, 1998). Many attempts at resolving Quebecs issues has resulted in tensions from both sides. Because Quebec has a strong national individuality, and do not define themselves as stringently Canadian, Quebec is seen as difficult, unyielding and discontented. Quebecs separation perhaps is inedible and the future of Canada questionable. Canada without Quebec will bring about galore(postnominal) complications and whether there is a rest of Canada (ROC) after Quebec a major challenge. Western alienation and the lack of representation in federal affairs will be a factor moreover, past actions and historical events whitethorn have turned Canada into a time bomb, and the deterioration of the provinces the only sulotion. How First Ministers react to Quebecs sovereignty regarding economic factors, political structure, and constitut ional issues will be of great importance. Whether emotional issues will play a major role in decision making is subjective however, it is fair to say that it will be an emotionally charged event and it could either tear apart the ROC or fuse it together. Placing emphasis on investigating what keeps Canada together is perhaps the key to Canadas future, and salvaging a descent with Quebec. To decide what to do after Quebec separates, First Ministers and the ROC, must first look at why it happened. Perhaps Quebecs profound nationalism and unique national identity conflicted with citizens in the ROC in order to gain understanding of their decision the ROC must look at Quebecs past. Quebec was not always treated fairly nor where they given many rights in regards t... ... A successful strategy in the accommodation of national minorities within a liberal democracy could be founded upon mutual trust, recognition and honorable financial arrangements. However, a certain degree of tensio n between central and regional institutions may remain as a constant threat in this complex relationship since they entertain opposing aims. The federal establishments determination to protect its territorial integrity, and its will to foster a single national identity among its citizens clashes with Quebecs wish to be recognized as a separate nation and decide upon its political destiny and to foster its distinct identity (Guibernau pg.72). Moreover, if the ROC and the federal government can come to an agreement on terms that satisfy the majority and an identity that encompasses the heart of a country Canada will continue to exist with or without Quebec.

The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime

The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime is a 2003 novel write by the British author Mark Haddon. It won the 2003 Whitbread Book of the Year, and the Commonwealth Writers Prize for best first book. Christopher, fifteen-year-old boy with behavioral problems, lives with his contract in Swindon, England. His mother has been beat(p) for over 2 years. He discovers the deathly body of Wellington, the neighbors dog, speared by a garden fork, and Christopher decides to write a mystery murder novel about the dog.One day his father found the book and hide it from him, and when Christopher goes for a search he finds a bunch of letters directed to him from his mother. With the letters he realizes that his mom is not dead and she had left them. His dad confesses that he was the one who had killed the dog, and because of that Christopher left his house with the fear of being killed by his dad, he goes to London to find his mother. After reunited with his mother they growth to Swindon , where he takes his A-level exam and get an A grade.The book ends with Christopher optimistic about his future, having solved the mystery of the murdered dog, gone to London on his own, found his mother, written a book, and achieved an A in his A-level maths exam. The book takes part in England only two different cities were visited, London and Swindon. The book starts in Swindon, where Christopher lives with his father, the comparable places were he finds the dead dog and stars his murder mystery novel.When Christopher finds out that her mother was living in London and that she was not dead he was very upset(a) Mother had never lived in London (98) that was when he just read the first letter and did not knew what to think. That is why he goes to London. The time of the book is in the end of the 20th century and we are able to know because of the dates inside the letters. However in my opinion the setting is not very important in this book. The main character of the story is Chri stopher and he is the one telling the story. My name is Christopher John Francis Boone.I know all the countries of the world and their capital cities and every tip number up to 7,057 (2). He is a very fire character he has Asperger Syndrome, which is a type of autism. Because of that it is very difficult to find out what he is thinking, however the author is able to interpret it very good. There are many other characters in the story merely in my opinion the close most important is his father. He treats Christopher really nice, even though his syndrome. He is a very good father but he sometimes looses his solitaire and reacts explosively.In the other hand Christophers mother is another important part of the story, but she appears later on in the book. She is a good mother, amiable Christopher very much, but she thinks that she is not, that is the reason she fled. The style in the book is very important, because there was a lot of effort in the writing. He interprets the point o f gather in of the autistic boy very precise. Haddon worked with autistic individuals (0) making its work with a deep meaning and very accurate to a real autistic boy. more over the book is written in 1st person from beginning to end It was seven minutes after midnight. (1) Evidence about it being written in 1st person. The main idea of the book is to create and accurate point of view of the life of a boy with Asperger syndrome. Haddon is able to do it he was able to do a very deep search into the mind of an autistic boy by studying them and working with them personally. The moral of the story is that battalion with Asperger syndrome are normal, even though they look different.They have feelings and they are very smart, the difference is that they have really bad social skills and have problems connecting ideas and a some(prenominal) behavioral problems These are some of my behavioral problems A) No talking to people for a long time F) smashing things when I am angry or confused O) hitting other people (47) Christopher talking about his behavioral problems, it is very curious how he has them very clearly in his mind but keeps doing them. The idea of the book is very important and is well interpreted, creating a clear view of it and the moral.The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time is a very interesting novel, filled with exciting changes in the story and a unexpected end. However I thought it was very slow at the beginning and the middle, making it a little boring in some chapters. Haddon does interpret amazingly the mind of an autistic boy, which in my opinion is one of the best parts of the book. It is very loose to read and that makes it good for bad readers. In an overall view I did like this book and would recommend it to others.

Direct Marketing and Direct Selling Essay

What is the difference between direct marketing and direct selling? Answer Direct Marketing definition, The total of activities by which the seller, in effecting the exchange of goods and operate with the buyer, directs efforts to a target audience using one or more media (direct selling, direct mail, telemarketing, direct-action advertising, catalogue selling, cable TV selling, etc. ) for the purpose of soliciting a solvent by phone, mail or personal visit from a prospect or customer. by Peter Bennett.In simpler words Direct Marketing is a system of marketing by which the organizations communicate directly with target customers to generate a response or transaction. Direct selling, definition, Direct selling is the personal presentation, demonstration, and sales of products and services to consumers in their homes. Direct marketing is a process in which the middle men are removed and the product is directly sold to the fetch up users or consumers. While personal selling is on e to one selling in which the sales person visits a prospect and closes the sale.Direct selling is a form of direct marketing. Direct marketing and selling both involve dealing directly with the customer, seeking a response, however direct marketing assumes a broader variety of media than just sales. Direct marketing includes, direct selling, direct mail, telemarketing, direct-action advertising, catalogue selling etc. Q 2 Describe the various forms of direct selling and any(prenominal) of the characteristics that make it unique. Answer There are three forms of direct selling 1.

International Diversification

Introduction Diversification is a method of investing that been fork upn to change magnitude portfolio return while reducing portfolio risk as measured by bar deviation. This method specifically increases the efficient frontier for investors. The challenge to an investing firm is an appetite by its customers for an ever increasing efficient frontier. One area to look for to obtain this increase is through further diversifying through international diversification. International portfolio diversification gives your coronations a passport to added diversification benefits.The international boundaries to investing have collapsed. evenhandedly recently, alien securities have become easier to trade due to improved communications and data technology. Worldwide investors have been realizing that there are substantial gains to be do by investing internationally. International portfolio diversification is portfolio investing in other nations whose economic unit of ammunitions are n ot perfectly in phase, in an attempt to debase risk, measured by portfolio standard deviation. The success of international portfolio diversification depends on low correlations of returns between countries.Investing in a country with an economic cycle that closely matches or exactly matches the economic cycle in the investors home country exit offer little or no diversification benefits. What is meant by a diversification benefit is a reduction of portfolio risk when an asset is added to a portfolio. The same principles that go along with domestic portfolio diversification gage be applied humanwide. Opening the gates of an investors portfolio to the world offers the investor several advantages. The benefits include a world focus broad diversification and low correlations.These advantages will lead the investor to have greater success in achieving his financial goals. By investing internationally, an investor will realize that he now has a world focus. more(prenominal) than h alf of the worlds stock market capitalization is in non-US companies. By only having a domestic focus, an investor loses sight of the investment opportunities that seat be realized overseas. International investment also brings a broader range of investments for diversification. By increasing the number of assets available to invest in, international diversification bum fall risks and produce more stable returns.New assets available to invest in could range from a foreign ships companys stock to a foreign countrys currency. The dominance for a diversification benefit exists in all foreign investments. This potential should not be ignored. draw figure The potential is even greater due to the low correlations that can be found internationally. Returns from different national markets have relatively note correlation than the domestic market. The lower these correlations are, the greater the diversification benefit will be. The reason that international diversification is benefici al is that individual markets have unsystematic risk.This unsystematic risk can be modify away by adding international assets. This risk is due to risk that results from uncontrollable or random events that are country specific. According to Solnik, 1974, internationally diversify portfolios can have as little as 11. 7% of the risk of individual securities. The underlying reason for added risk reduction from international diversification is that world markets fluctuate differently than our own. Other nations economic cycles are not always in phase. This translates to low correlations which can reduce variability in portfolio returns.The different fluctuations can be caused by various factors. These factors include differences in monetary policies fiscal policies industrialization technology laws economic shocks and other factors. drawframe International diversification pushes out the efficient frontier. Risk is reduced for any given level of return, and return is enhanced for any g iven level of risk. An internationally diversified portfolio (represented by line 1,) has clear advantages compared to a domestically diversified portfolio (represented by line 2. ) Point B has the same return as Point A entirely has less risk.Point C has the same risk as Point A but more return. Also, a point between B and C would have less risk and more return than Point A. Investing in emerging markets offer tempting advantages to investors. The volatile economies of countries considered to be in this phratry have a potential for extraordinary returns. A caveat to investors considering opportunities in emerging markets are the presence of unstable governments, the chance of nationalization, poor property rights protection, and openhanded swings in prices. Emerging markets are far from a sure thing.But, despite high individual risk, emerging markets can reduce portfolio risk. The volatile economies of these countries have much(prenominal) low correlations compared to the domes tic market that they actually provide the greatest degree of diversification. Despite the strong argument for international diversification, there are some cubic yard to consider when investing. There are barriers to investing internationally. These include legal difficulties, lack of information, stringent tax regulations, and high transaction costs. These costs can reduce returns and mustiness be considered when figuring returns.As mentioned onward, these barriers are diminishing. When investing internationally there are risks beyond the risk of individual securities or portfolios. There is liquidity risk, because it is oftentimes not as easy to sell international securities. There is also exchange risk when transferring the funds from international assets back to the home currency. This risk can be hedged through the use of currency futures contracts, but hedging increases transaction costs. Some investors actually prefer exchange risk because of the possibility of change ma gnitude returns.Some investors plainly do not invest internationally because they have a degree of home bias. Investors in this category usually do not invest internationally because they are unfamiliar with international markets. They prefer domestic investing because they are familiar with the domestic market. Some investors in this category simply do not invest internationally because they do not want to support markets outside of the US. Despite the meager reasons for a home bias, there is a strong home bias among US investors. The organization, In the gold Investments (IMI), is a partnership formed by two financial professionals in the state of RI.The company packages financial products together for its clients and charges various fees for the service which includes execution and account maintenance. The company services clients of all ages and incomes but primarily serves clients age 35-65 with greater than $100,000 in yearly earnings and $300,000 of net worth who are seekin g various investment goals including retirement, college savings, and wealth maximization. The company competes directly with other local investment firms as swell as with the national firms such as Fidelity, Charles Schwab and others.The company has offices in both Newport and Providence and employs 46 employees. The company has $500 million under management and yearly net income of just over $1 million. The companys primary strategic advantage is the level of trust that it has with its clients. This trust creates solid referrals, allows for a transgress working, long-term relationship. Its customers are not the type to jump ship after a single bad year. An increased investment product fling by IMI, specifically through adding internationally diversified investment products, is being investigated to see whether or not its loyal customers will adopt the products.This increased product offering could lead to more satisfied investors which will increase word of mouth and lead to inc reased new customers. This will also lead to an increased investment level by investors as they see greater return for their levels of risk in their investment. The partners have requested a flying field to investigate the likelihood of its animated customer base adopting the internationally diversified products. They are worried about the customers adopting something that may be foreign to them as well as an investor home bias. explore QuestionsThe research questions posed for empirical investigation are Does investor satisfaction affect their willingness to invest internationally? Does investor investment aptitude affect their willingness to invest internationally? look Problem In the Money Investments needs to know whether or not their existing client base will purchase a new internationally diversified product. Specifically we are looking at investors satisfaction with In the Money and the level of the investors investment aptitude in determine whether or not the investor wo uld purchase an internationally diversified product.The existing client base needs to be researched to see if they have these attributes that are being investigated and whether or not they will be credibly to purchase the internationally diversified product. Hypotheses There are two hypotheses being examined in this study. They are as follows H1 locomote investors will be more likely to purchase an internationally diversified product. H2 Investors that have been satisfied in the past will be more likely to purchase an internationally diversified product. Variables Variables examined for this study are as follows Independent Variable 1 Investor AbilityIndependent Variable 2 Investor Satisfaction subject Variable Inclination to purchase an internationally diversified investment. Theoretical Framework drawg drawg Operational Definition drawframe drawframe The likelihood of an investor to purchase a companys internationally diversified product is important for an investment firm to k now before making a product offering. In this case, In the Money Investments has to take some consideration of the dimensions of the investment world that can affect that likelihood. The dimensions of the investment world that very well may be affecting that likelihood are 1.Investor Satisfaction 2. Investor Status 3. Investor Demographics 4. Current Macroeconomic Factors Investor satisfaction can be fixed by the image the investment firm portrays to the investor, the relationship the investor holds with the firm, the previous experiences in levels of returns and volatility the investor has in their portfolio. If an investor is satisfied with each of the listed elements, we can consequently measure the correlation between satisfied investors and their purchasing decisions for an internationally diversified product.Investor status is a dimension that varies based on experience, education, level of wealth, and risk tolerance. These elements create a primer or resume for an investor . Each of these elements can be combined to form a numeric representation of an investors investment ability. Using this numeric value, a status of the investor can be measured against their willingness to accept an international investment into their portfolio. Investor demographics is a dimension which can show patterns of acceptance among demographic groups.Investors from certain countries or with certain birthplaces may be more or less likely to purchases internationally diversified products. Also, investors of different sex or age may be more or less likely to purchases Lastly, current macroeconomic factors ia a dimension which may affect an investors willingness to purchase an internationally diversified product. A poor market and recent terrorist attacks are example of this. Justification of the Problem In the Money Investments needs to know whether or not their efforts to include an internationally diversified product offering will be beneficial o their business. If the firm offers a product and it does not sell, the firm will lose cash involved in presenting the product offering as well as in soft costs from time spent by members of the firm in investigating the offering. The firm is interested in offering the internationally diversified products because their customers desire more returns in their portfolios without increasing their current levels of portfolio risk. In order to increase market share and retain their current customers, they are looking to this avenue as a way to remain competitive. Significance of the studyThis study would show the firm whether or not they should provide the product offering. It will allow them to investigate their client bases determinants of their purchasing decision of internationally diversified investment products. Successful measurement of the client bases determinants of their purchasing decision will allow In the Money Investments to forecast their sales and then perform profitability analysis on the new prod uct offering Summary In the Money Investments is seeking to maintain market share and fulfil their customers increasing appetites for returns without being exposed to any additional risk.Previous research has shown that international diversification is a way that this can be achieved. However, In the Money Investments needs to know whether or not a client would be willing to purchase a new product offering in this area. internationally diversified investments are not for everybody and it needs to be known whether internationally diversified investment products are right for In the Money Investments client base. This study seeks to investigate that issue. Annotated Reference List Appendices Appendix A Draft of proposal Appendix B Empirical journal articles Appendix C Survey questionnaire

Historical Development of Organisational Behaviour

Organizational behavioris a issue of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structures have on behavior within an organization. It is an interdisciplinary field that includes sociology, psychology, communication, and management and it complements the academic studies oforganizational theory and human resource studies Basic Functions Management operates through various functions, often classified as planning, organizing, staffing, leading/directing, and commanding/monitoring and motivation. * Planning Deciding what needs to happen in the future (today, next week, next month, next year, over the next five years, etc. ) and generating plans for action. * Organizing prescript of relationships among cipherers, making optimum use of the resources required to enable the successful carrying out of plans. * Staffing Job analysis, recruitment and hiring for appropriate jobs. * Leading/directing Determining what needs to be done in a situation and getting people to do it. * Controlling/monitoring Checking progress against plans. * Motivation Motivation is also a multifariousness of basic function of management, because without motivation, employees cannot persist effectively. History * F. W. Taylor and Scientific Management * Fayol * Hawthorne Studies * Theory X and Y 1. F. W. Taylor and scientific Management Taylors scientific management consisted of four principles First. They prove a science for each element of a mans work, which replaces the oldrule-of-thumbmethod. Second. They scientifically select and then train, teach, and develop the workman, whereas in the past he chose his own work and trained himself as best he could.Third. They heartily cooperate with the men so as to insure all of the work being done in accordance with the principles of the science which has been developed. Fourth. There is an almost equal division of the work and the responsibility between the management and the workmen. The management take over all wor k for which they are better fitted than the workmen, while in the past almost all of the work and the greater part of the responsibility were thrown upon the men. 2. Fayol * Division of work specialty increases output by making employees more efficient. * Authority Managers must be able to give orders. * Discipline Employees must obey and respect the rules that govern the organization. * adept of command Every employee should receive orders from only one superior. * Unity of direction Each group of organizational activities that have the same objective should be order by one manager using one plan. * Remuneration Workers must be paid a fair wage for their services. * Order People and materials should be in the right place at the right time. * Scalar chain The line of authority from top management to the lowest ranks represents the scalar chain.

Outline for Gmo

Genetically modified food of persuasion Specific Purpose To persuade our audience that genetically modified foods atomic number 18 not safe for consumption. Central Idea Genetically modified foods may bring a new allergen that we may not be disposed(p) to treat. We put more synthetic toxins into our bodies. I. Introduction A. (Attention Getter) Soon, kids may actually have a good reason not to eat vegetables. Genetically modified foods, vegetables and fruits, Frankedfoods, are making their way from science labs to the dinner table.B. (Thesis Statement) The processed food that has the entire chemical added in it in order to make the food to last durable has the effect of harming the people due to the fact that everyone has their own reaction to certain chemicals. C. (Justification) Currently genetically modified (GM) crops are grown in more than 25 countries. Big transitional companies are carrying out dangerous global experiment by introducing large numbers of genetically modified foods into our diet. D. Speaker Credibility) I educate at the fast food industry for about six years and I know fast food is bad but I didnt know how bad it really is. After researching and reading articles about engineered food I have learn so much more what the food contains and it is shocking. E. (Preview of briny points) 1. First I will discuss the health problems of GM foods. 2. Next, how it is important to label the food, and how the government should be involved. 3. Lastly, how we can stop genetically modified foods.

Air Pollution Essay

BEIJING Outdoor publicise taint contri unless(prenominal)ed to 1.2 million premature deaths in China in 2010, nearly 40 percent of the spherical total, according to a new summary of entropy from a scientific study on leading receives of death worldwide. Figured a nonher way, the researchers said, Chinas toll from taint was the loss of 25 million healthy years of life from the population. The entropy on which the analysis is based was first presented in the ambitious 2010 Global Burden of Disease Study, which was published in December in The Lancet, a British medical journal. The authors decided to break out numbers for specific countries and present the findings at international conferences. The China statistics were offered at a forum in capital of Red China on Sunday. We boast been rolling out the India- and China-specific numbers, as they speak to a greater extent directly to national leaders than orbital numbers, said Robert OKeefe, the vice prexy of the Health Effect s Institute, a research organization that is helping to present the study.The organization is partly financed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the global motor vehicle industry. What the researchers called ambient particulate matter defilement was the fourth-leading jeopardize factor for deaths in China in 2010, behind dietary risks, elevated rail line pressure and smoking. Air contamination ranked s veritable(a)th on the worldwide list of risk factors, contributing to 3.2 million deaths in 2010. By comparison with China, India, which in addition has densely populated cities grappling with similar levels of contaminant, had 620,000 premature deaths in 2010 be parkway of out-of-door line contamination, the study found. That was deemed to be the sixth most common killer in South Asia. The study was led by an institute at the University of Washington and several partner universities and institutions, including the World Health Organization. Calculation s of premature deaths because of outdoor pushover contaminant atomic number 18 politically threatening in the eyes of some Chinese officials. According to intelligence operation reports, Chinese officials cut out sections of a 2007 report called make up of contamination in China that discussed premature deaths. The reports authors had concluded that 350,000 to 400,000 flock die untimely in China eachyear because of outdoor air pollution.The study was done by the World Bank in cooperation with the Chinese State Environmental Protection Administration, the precursor to the Ministry of Environmental Protection. There stand been new(prenominal) estimates of premature deaths because of air pollution. In 2011, the World Health Organization estimated that there were 1.3 million premature deaths in cities worldwide because of outdoor air pollution. be month, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, based in Paris, warned that urban air pollution is set to become the top environmental cause of mortality worldwide by 2050, ahead of dirty water and lack of sanitation. It estimated that up to 3.6 million battalion could end up dying prematurely from air pollution each year, in general in China and India. There has been growing outrage in Chinese cities over what some say ar untenable levels of air pollution.Cities across the northeast hit record levels in January, and official Chinese newspapers ran front-page articles on the surge what some foreigners call the airpocalypse despite earlier limits on much(prenominal) discussion by propaganda officials. In February, the State Council, Chinas cabinet, announced a timeline for introducing new fuel standards, but state-owned oil and post companies are known to block or ignore environmental policies to save on costs. A study eatd on Thursday said the growth rate of disclosure of pollution in seduceation in 113 Chinese cities had slowed. The groups doing the study, the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, based in Beijing, and the Natural Resources Defense Council, based in Washington, said that faced with the current situation of toilsome air, water and soil pollution, we must make changes to pollution source information disclosure so that information is no longer patchy, out of date and punishing to obtain. Chinese officials go through made some progress in disclosing crucial air pollution statistics. Official news reports have said 74 cities are now required to abandon data on levels of particulate matter 2.5 micrometers in diameter or dinkyer, which penetrate the bodys tissues most deeply.For years, Chinese officials had been collecting the data but refvictimization to release it, until they came under pressure from Chinese who saw that the United States Embassy in Beijing was measuring the levels hourly and posting the data in a Twitter feed, BeijingAir. Last week, an official Chinese news report said the cost of environmental degradation in China was well-nigh $230 billion in 2010, or 3.5percent of the gross domestic product. The estimate, said to be partial, came from a research institute under the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and was three times the amount in 2004, in local currency terms. It was unclear to what extent those numbers overlyk into account the costs of health elevator care and premature deaths because of pollution.National green ServiceAir Pollution Its Nature, Sources, and Effectshttp//www.nps.gov/shen/naturescience/airpollution.htmLast Updated 04/09/2014Summer View, mountains in the distance from Skyline Drive.John F. Mitchell NPS VolunteerIntroductionAir pollution occurs in many forms but hobo generally be vista of as gaseous and particulate contaminants that are present in the earths air travel. vaporous pollutants include sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), ozone (O3), coulomb monoxide (CO), volatile constitutive(a) compounds (VOC), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), hydrogen fluoride (HF), and confused gaseous forms of metals. These pollutants are emitted from large stationary sources much(prenominal) as fossil fuel fired male monarch plants, smelters, industrial boilers, petroleum re elegantries, and manufacturing facilities as well as from area and mobile sources. They are corrosive to various materials which causes impairment to cultural resources, loafer cause injury to ecosystems and organisms, aggravate respiratory diseases, and reduce visibility. particulate matters come in twain large and small or fine consentient forms. Large particulates include substances such as dust, asbestos fibers, and lead. Fine particulates include sulfates (SO4) and nitrates (NO3). Important sources of particulates are power plants, smelters, mining operations, and automobiles.Asbestos and lead affect organisms, while sulfates and nitrates not only cause health problems, but to a fault contribute to acrimoniousulated rain or acid deposition and a reduction in visibilit y. Particulate matter, a term sometimes used instead of particulates, refers to the mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. Toxic air pollutants are a anatomy of chemicals which whitethornpotentially cause health problems in a significant way. The sources of toxicant air pollutants include power plants, industries, pesticide application, and contaminated windblown dust. Persistent toxic pollutants, such as mercury, are of particular mention because of their global mobility and ability to accumulate in the food chain. More research is needed to fully render the fate and set up of mercury and the many other(a) toxic pollutants.Primary pollutants are those that are emitted directly into the air from pollution sources. Secondary pollutants are organise when primary pollutants undergo chemical changes in the melodic line. Ozone is an example of a secondary pollutant. It is formed when nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are mixed and warmed by sunlight. Ozone (O3) is a major component of what is often referred to as smog. The ozone which is present in the troposphere, or the atmosphere that is close to the ground, should not be confused with beneficial ozone that is situated in the stratosphere or speed atmosphere. This beneficial ozone in the stratosphere helps protect the earth from harmful ultraviolet light from the sun. Sources of Air PollutionStationary and Area SourcesA stationary source of air pollution refers to an emission source that does not move, in addition known as a point source. Stationary sources include factories, power plants, dry cleaners and degreasing operations. The term area source is used to describe many small sources of air pollution located to nettleher whose individual emissions may be below thresholds of concern, but whose collective emissions can be significant. Residential wood burners are a good example of a small source, but when combined with many other small sources, t hey can contribute to local and roleal air pollution levels. Area sources can too be thought of as non-point sources, such as construction of housing diements, dry lake beds, and landfills.Mobile SourcesA mobile source of air pollution refers to a source that is assailable of moving under its own power. In general, mobile sources imply on-road transportation, which includes vehicles such as cars, sport utility vehicles, and buses. In addition, there is also a non-road or off-roadcategory that includes gas-powered lawn tools and mowers, farm and construction equipment, recreational vehicles, boats, planes, and trains. Agricultural SourcesAgricultural operations, those that raise animals and grow crops, can generate emissions of gases and particulate matter. For example, animals confined to a barn or restricted area (rather than field grazing), produce large amounts of manure. Manure emits various gases, particularly ammonia into the air. This ammonia can be emitted from the anima l houses, manure retention areas, or from the land after the manure is utilize. In crop production, the misapplication of fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides can potentially result in aerial drift of these materials and harm may be caused.Natural SourcesAlthough industrialization and the use of motor vehicles are overwhelmingly the most significant contributors to air pollution, there are important native sources of pollution as well. Wildland fires, dust storms, and volcanic activity also contribute gases and particulates to our atmosphere.Un the like the in a higher place mentioned sources of air pollution, natural air pollution is not caused by raft or their activities. An erupting volcano emits particulate matter and gases forest and prairie fires can emit large quantities of pollutants plants and trees naturally emit VOCs which are oxidized and form aerosols that can cause a natural blue haze and dust storms can create large amounts of particulate matter. Wild animals in their natural habitat are also considered natural sources of pollution. The National Park Service recognizes that each of these sources emits gases and particulate matter into the atmosphere but we regard these as constituents resulting from natural processes.Air Pollution at ShenandoahSources of air pollution that affect Shenandoah National Park are largely outside of the park. These include industrial facilities located by means ofout the mid-Atlantic region and the Ohio River Valley as well as urban centers in this same region. Because most areas adjacent to the park are rural and agricultural, it is clear that transport of pollutants from distantlocations is an important element upon which park air quality hinges. Even some agricultural activities, such as ammonia from the poultry industry and pesticides that are applied to adjacent fields, may contribute to air pollution in the park. In-park emission sources are relatively small, but do include motor vehicles, maintenance equipment, small boilers and generators. The relative contribution from the in-park sources is truly small compared to other sources. In a July 2002 report describing an emissions inventory for Shenandoah National Park, it was determined that less than 1% of emissions were produced from in-park sources.How does air pollution move?Air transport is the term used to describe the mechanism by which air pollution moves from an emissions source to a receptor. A source is a location (i.e., smokestack, chimney, poop out pipe) from which the pollutant emanates and a receptor is the place (i.e., soil, vegetation, waterbodies, human lungs) where the pollutant is deposited. The atmosphere itself is the transporter of pollutants from sources to receptors. If the wind carries the plume of pollution high enough in the air, it may travel for hundreds of miles before being brought to earth. This is known as long-range or long-distance transport.Air Pollution EffectsThe air is an important componen t of the natural system of a park in its own right. The presence of pollution in the atmosphere results directly in air quality degradation. Air pollution is also a critical factor affecting the quality of other environmental resources as well as the human-made structures and facilities in the area. Polluted air can and has harmed park resources in a variety of ways depending upon the chemistry of the pollutant, weather and environmental conditions, and the nature or sensitivity of park resources. Examples of this harm include vegetal discoloration and growth disruption from ozone, loss of aquatic species from stream acidification, shifts in nutrient availability from acid deposition, and erosion of building surfaces and rock formations. Air pollution impairs visibility and contributes to climate change. Air pollution can also be detrimental to human health.ShchooltodayYour Cool Facts and Tips on Air PollutionWhat causes air pollution?Air pollution can result from two human and nat ural actions. Natural events that pollute the air include forest fires, volcanic eruptions, wind erosion, pollen dispersal, evaporation of organic compounds and natural radioactivity. Pollution from natural occurrences are not very often.Human activities that result in air pollution include1. Emissions from industries and manufacturing activitiesHave you seen a manufacturing company before? You leave behind notice that there are long tubes (called chimneys) erected high into the air, with lots of smoke and fumes coming out of it. Waste incinerators, manufacturing industries and power plants emit high levels of coke monoxide, organic compounds, and chemicals into the air. This happens almost everywhere that people live. Petroleum refineries also release lots of hydrocarbons into the air. 2. Burning Fossil FuelsAfter the industrial age, transportation has become a key part of our lives. Cars and heavy duty trucks, trains, shipping vessels and airplanes all burn lots of fossil fuel s to work. Emissions from automobile engines contain both primary and secondary pollutants. This is a major cause of pollution, and one that is very difficult to manage. This is because humans rely heavily on vehicles and engines for transporting people, good and services.Fumes from car exhauts contain dangerous gases such as carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, hydrocarbons and particulates. On their own, they cause great harm to people who breath them. Additionally, they react with environmental gases to create supercharge toxic gases. Click here to see the magnetic cores3. Household and Farming ChemicalsCrop dusting, fumigating homes, household cleaning products or painting supplies, over the counter sucking louse/pest killers, fertilizer dust emit harmful chemicals into the air and cause pollution. In many case, when we use these chemicals at home or offices with no or little ventilation, we may fall ill if we breathe them. What are the common air pollutants around?Carbon Mon oxide (CO)Fuel burning at the stake from vehicles and engines.Reduces the amount of group O gain the bodys organs and tissues aggravates centre disease, resulting in chest pain and other symptoms. Ground-level Ozone (O3)Secondary pollutant formed by chemical reaction of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NOx in the presence of sunlight. Decreases lung function and causes respiratory symptoms, such as coughing and shortness of breath, and also makes asthma and other lung diseases get worse. More on Ground Level Ozone Here Lead (Pb)Smelters (metal refineries) and other metal industries combustion of leaded gasoline in piston engine aircraft waste incinerators (waste burners), and battery manufacturing. redress the developing nervous system, resulting in IQ loss and impacts on learning, memory, and behavior in children. Cardiovascular and renal effects in adults and early effects link up to anaemia. newton Dioxide (NO2)Fuel combustion (electric utilities, oversize industrial boilers, vehicles) and wood burning. Worsens lung diseases leading to respiratory symptoms, increased susceptibility to respiratory infection. Particulate Matter (PM)This is formed through chemical reactions, fuel combustion (e.g., burning coal, wood, diesel), industrial processes, farming (plowing, field burning), and unpaved roads or during road constructions. Short-term exposures can worsen heart or lung diseases and cause respiratory problems. Long-term exposures can cause heart or lung disease and sometimes premature deaths. Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)SO2 come from fuel combustion (especially high-sulfur coal) electric utilities and industrial processes as well as and natural occurances like volcanoes. Aggravates asthma and makes breathing difficult.It also contributes to particle formation with associated health effects. What are the effects of air pollution?AcidificationChemical reactions involving air pollutants can create acidic compounds which can cause harm to vegetation and bui ldings. Sometimes, when an air pollutant, such as sulfuric acid combines with the water droplets that make up clouds, the water droplets become acidic, forming acid rain. When acid rain falls over an area, it can kill trees and harm animals, fish, and other wildlife.Acid rain repeals the leaves of plants.When acid rain infiltrates into soils, it changes the chemistry of the soil making it unfit for many living things that rely on soil as a habitat or for nutrition. Acid rain also changes the chemistry of the lakes and streams that the rainwater flows into, harming fish and other aquatic life. EutrophicationRain can carry and deposit the Nitrogen in some pollutants on rivers and soils. This give adversely affect the nutrients in the soil and water bodies. This can result in algae growth in lakes and water bodies, and make conditions for other living organism harmful. Ground-level ozoneChemical reactions involving air pollutants create a poisonous gas ozone (O3). Gas Ozone can affe ct peoples health and can change vegetation types and some animal life too. Particulate matterAir pollutants can be in the form of particulate matter which can be very harmful to our health. The level of effect usually depends on the length of time of exposure, as well the cast and concentration of chemicals and particles exposed to. Short-term effects include irritation to the eyes, nose and throat, and upper respiratory infections such as bronchitis andpneumonia. Others include headaches, nausea, and allergic reactions. Short-term air pollution can aggravate the medical conditions of individuals with asthma and emphysema. Long-term health effects can include chronic respiratory disease, lung crabby person, heart disease, and even deadening to the brain, nerves, liver, or kidneys. Continual exposure to air pollution affects the lungs of growing children and may aggravate or complicate medical conditions in the elderly. Air pollution prevention, observe and solution.Solution ef forts on pollution is always a big problem. This is why prevention interventions are always a better way of manoeuvreling air pollution. These prevention methods can either come from government (laws) or by individual actions. In many big cities, monitoring equipment have been installed at many points in the city. Authorities read them unwaveringly to check the quality of air. Lets see more below Government (or community) level preventionGovernments end-to-end the world have already taken action against air pollution by introducing green efficacy. Some governments are investing in wind pushing and solar energy, as well as other renewable energy, to minimize burning of fossil fuels, which cause heavy air pollution.Governments are also forcing companies to be more responsible with their manufacturing activities, so that even though they still cause pollution, they are a lot controlled.Companies are also building more energy efficient cars, which pollute less than before. Individu al Level PreventionEncourage your family to use the bus, train or bike when commuting. If we all do this, there will be less cars on road and less fumes. manipulation energy (light, water, boiler, kettle and fire woods) wisely. This is because lots of fossil fuels are burned to generate electricity, and so if we can cut down the use, we will also cut down the amount of pollution we create.Recycle and re-use things. This will minimize the dependence of producing new things. think back manufacturing industries create a lot of pollution, so if we can re-use things like shopping plastic bags, clothing, paper and bottles, it can help. Basic Air Pollution FactsBelow are some random facts and info on environmental pollution.Air pollutants (dangerous things that make the air unclean)come in the form of gases or particles.In March 2011, a very powerful earthquake in the sea (tsunami) hit the Japan coast. The sea level rose and water came into the land, damaging 4 of the 6 reactors in the Fu kushima Daiichi nuclear Power Plant. World Health Organisation (WHO) experts confirm that there is slight increased risk of some cancer types for some people who were exposed to the radiation. These include people living in that area and some workers at the plant. Below is a peice of the information given on BBC website The biggest lifetime risks were seen in those exposed as infants, compared with children or adults.For girls exposed to radiation from the accident as infants, the report found a 4% increase above the lifetime expected risk of solid tumours and a 6% increase above that expected for breast cancer. Boys exposed as infants are expected to have a 7% increased risk of leukaemia above that expected in the normal population. The biggest risk was seen in thyroid cancer, which for infant girls could be up to 70% higher than expected over their lifetime. BBC Website /news/health-21614722It is estimated that you breathe 20,000 liters of air each day. This means the more pollute d the air is, the more we breathe into our lungs dangerous chemicals. Air can be polluted both indoors and outdoors. Tobacco and other kinds of smoking are examples of indoor air pollution. Sick Building Syndrome is a health condition related to pesticides, insecticides and chemicals we use at home and offices. In the great Smog Disaster in London in 1952, four thousand people died in a few years due to the high concentrations of pollution. Air pollution affects kids more than adultsbecause, for their body size, kids breathe more air and spend more time playing outside. More barbarian pollutants are discharged into the air each year than are released to surface water, ground water, and land, combined.Motor vehicles produce more air pollution than any other single human activity. One full commuter bus can mean 40 less cars going through your neighborhood.In America, vehicle exhaust contributes roughly 60% of all carbon monoxide emissions nationwide, and up to 95% in cities. Indoor air pollution and healthAround 3 billion people cook and heat their homes using open fires and leaky stoves burning biomass (wood, animal dung and crop waste) and coal. Nearly 2 million people die prematurely from illness attributable to indoor air pollution from household solid fuel use. Nearly 50% of pneumonia deaths among children under five are due to particulate matter inhaled from indoor air pollution. More than 1 million people a year die from chronic obstructive respiratory disease (COPD) that develop due to exposure to such indoor air pollution. Both women and men exposed to heavy indoor smoke are 2-3 times more credibly to develop COPD Source WHOOzone Depletion Losing Earths Protective LayerNational GeographicThe ozone layer is a belt of naturally occurring ozone gas that sits 9.3 to 18.6 miles (15 to 30 kilometers) above Earth and serves as a shield from the harmful ultraviolet B radiation emitted by the sun. Ozone is a highly reactive molecule that contains three oxygen atoms. It is constantly being formed and broken down in the high atmosphere, 6.2 to 31 miles (10 to 50 kilometers) above Earth, in the region called the stratosphere. Today, there is widespread concern that the ozone layer is deteriorating due to the release of pollution containing the chemicals chlorine and bromine. Such deterioration allows large amounts of ultraviolet B rays to reach Earth, which can cause skin cancer and cataracts in humans and harm animals aswell. Extra ultraviolet B radiation reaching Earth also inhibits the reproductive cycle of phytoplankton, single-celled organisms such as algae that make up the bottom rung of the food chain. Biologists fear that reductions in phytoplankton populations will in turn lower the populations of other animals.Researchers also have documented changes in the reproductive rates of young fish, shrimp, and crabs as well as frogs and salamanders exposed to excess ultraviolet B. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), chemicals found mainly in sp ray aerosols heavily used by industrialized nations for much of the past 50 years, are the primary culprits in ozone layer breakdown. When CFCs reach the upper atmosphere, they are exposed to ultraviolet rays, which causes them to break down into substances that include chlorine. The chlorine reacts with the oxygen atoms in ozone and rips apart the ozone molecule. One atom of chlorine can destroy more than a hundred thousand ozone molecules, according to the the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The ozone layer above the Antarctic has been particularly impacted by pollution since the mid-1980s.This regions low temperatures speed up the conversion of CFCs to chlorine. In the southern spring and summer, when the sun shines for long periods of the day, chlorine reacts with ultraviolet rays, destroying ozone on a bulky scale, up to 65 percent. This is what some people erroneously refer to as the ozone hole. In other regions, the ozone layer has deteriorated by about 20 percent. ab out(predicate) 90 percent of CFCs currently in the atmosphere were emitted by industrialized countries in the spousal relationshipern Hemisphere, including the United States and atomic number 63. These countries banned CFCs by 1996, and the amount of chlorine in the atmosphere is falling now. But scientists estimate it will take another 50 years for chlorine levels to return to their natural levels.Clean Air KidsThe Earth is wrapped in a blanket of air called the atmosphere, which is made up of several layers. About 19-30 kilometres above the Earth is a layer of gas called ozone, which is a form of oxygen. Ozone is produced naturally in the atmosphere.WHY DO WE HAVE AN OZONE LAYER?The ozone layer is very important because it stops too many of the suns ultra-violet rays (UV rays) getting through to the Earth these are the rays that cause our skin to tan. Too much UV can cause skin cancer and will also harm all plants and animals. Life on Earth could not exist without the protectiv e shield of the ozone layer.WHAT IS THE OZONE HOLE?Every spring, a hole as big as the USA develops in the ozone layer over Antarctica, in the South Pole. A smaller hole develops each year over the Arctic, at the North Pole. And there are signs that the ozone layer is getting thinner all over the planet. Scientists have discovered that the ozone hole over Antarctica started in 1979, and that the ozone layer generally started to get thin in the early 1980s. The loss of the ozone layer occurs when more ozone is being destroyed than nature is creating.WHAT CAUSES THE OZONE HOLE?One group of gases is particularly likely to damage the ozone layer. These gases are called CFCs, Chloro-Fluoro-Carbons. CFCs are used in some spray cans to force the contents out of the can. They are also used in refrigerators, air instruct systems and some fire extinguishers. They are used because they are not poisonous and do not catch fire. near countries have now stopped using new CFCs that can be released into the atmosphere, but many scientists believe we must stop using old ones as well.THE OZONE HOLE AND OUR HEALTHThe ozone layer is like a sunscreen, and a thinning of it would mean that more ultra-violet rays would be reaching us. Too many UV rays would cause more sunburn, and because sunburn causes skin cancer, this too would increase deaths. These UV rays are also dangerous for our eyes and could cause an increase in people becoming blind. That is why sun cream and shades are very important.THE OZONE HOLE ON ANIMALS AND PLANTSUV rays can go through water and end up killing small water animals orplants, called plankton which form the base of the food chain in oceans and seas. Whales and other fishes have plankton as their main food, and if plankton die because of these UV rays, whales will start dying too, because they will not have anything to eat. Large amounts of UV rays could damage all green plants. If the ozone layer keeps getting thinner, there could be fewer and fewer pl ants on Earth, thence there would be less food in the whole world.THE TWO-FACED OZONE GASOzone found between 19 and 30 kilometres high in the atmosphere is one of the reasons why we are alive on Earth. But when the gas ozone is found lower down where we can breathe it in, it becomes very dangerous for our health. This ozone is caused by a reaction between air pollution and sunlight and can cause modern-day smog. This is different to the smog that formed in the early twentieth century from smoke and fog. What can you doThere are many things we can do to help reduce air pollution and global warming. Use buses and trains instead of cars, as they can carry a lot more people in one journey. This cuts down the amount of pollution produced. Walking or cycling whenever you can will be even better, as it does not create any pollution. It will also be good for your body, as regular exercise will keep you fit and healthy. If your parents must use the car, ask them to avoid using it for very sh ort journeys if possible, as this creates unnecessary pollution. Try to set ahead them to share their journeys with other people, for example when they go to work or go shopping. Also encourage them to drive more slowly as this produces less pollution and less carbon dioxide.Energy is produced to generate electricity and to keep us warm. more or less energy is produced by the burning of fossil fuels, like coal, oil and gas, which release carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas. Fuel burnt in our cars also releases carbon dioxide. As an individual, you do not have a lot of control on how your energy is produced. However, you can control the way in which you use that energy. Using less energy means less of it needs to be produced. So less carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. We can also help prevent pollution from our own homes which may contribute to acid rain and poor air quality, and increases emissions of carbon dioxide in theatmosphere. Turning off lights when they are not needed and not wasting electricity will reduce the demand for energy.Less electricity will need to be produced and so less coal, oil and gas will have to be burnt in power stations, which means less air pollution and less carbon dioxide Pollution formed indoors can be reduced by ensuring that all gas appliances are working correctly. dependable ventilation will improve indoor air quality by dispersing biological pollutants like dust mite, and other pollutants such as cigarette smoke. Most of the rubbish we throw away can be recycled, such as glass bottles and jars, steel and aluminium cans, plastic bottles and waste paper. Recycling used materials uses less energy than making new ones. Composting fruit and vegetable waste reduces the amount of rubbish buried at rubbish dumps.What are the Governments doing?Governments throughout the world have already taken action for these different environmental problems (i.e. Acid Rain, Air Quality, Ozone Hole, Global Warming). In their plans the y hope to reduce the amount of emissions of greenhouse gases produced by man. About half of the greenhouse effect is caused by our use of energy, especially from fossil fuels. Other sources of energy could be used which do not emit carbon dioxide, e.g. wind power, solar (sun power) and wave power. In the home and at school, we must learn to use energy efficiently and not waste it.Rain is very important for life. All living things need water to live, even people. Rain brings us the water we need. But in many places in the world even where you live, rain has become a menace. Because of pollution in the air, acid gases from factories, cars and homes, the rain is becoming dangerous for the life of every living creature. This rain is known as acid rain.WHAT IS ACID RAIN?Acid gases are produced when fossil fuels like coal and oil are burned in power stations, factories and in our own homes. Most of these acid gases are blown into the sky, and when they mix with the clouds it can cause rai n or snow, sleet, fog, mist or hail to become more acidic. The opposites ofacid are alkalis for example, toothpaste and baking powder are both alkalis. Strong alkalis can also be dangerous, such as ammonia and bleach. Lemon juice, vinegar and cola are all acidic. Rain is naturally acidic, but acid gases make it even more acidic, sometimes as acid as stinker Nature can also produce acid gases, such as volcanoes. When they erupt, the smoke that comes out of the crater is also full of acid gases.HOW DO WE cadency ACIDITY?There is a special scale called the pH scale that measures the strength of acids and alkalis. A low pH number means something is acid. A high number means something is alkali. And something in the middle is called neutral. Acidity can be tested using litmus paper.Usually rain is a little acidic, and has pH of about 5.5, if the pH of rainfall is less than 5.5, then the rain is probably polluted by acid gases. Acids turn litmus paper red, and alkalis turn it blue. W ith a special paper called universal indicator, you can test levels of acidity.WHAT ARE THE MAIN GASES THAT CAUSE ACID RAIN?When we burn fuels, chemicals called sulphur and nitrogen are released into the air. formerly in the air, they mix with water in the air rain, snow, etc and are transformed into different chemicals called sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which can be very dangerous for plants, animals and people. Most of the sulphur comes from power stations, which make electricity, and also from volcanoes. Most of the nitrogen oxides come from car and truck exhausts. We call air pollution the bad gases that we produce and release in the air. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the most important causes of acid rain.A PROBLEM ALL OVER THE WORLDAir pollution can be carried over long distances. When acid gases are released, they go high up in the sky, and then they are pushed by strong winds towards other countries. The acid rain in Sweden is caused by air pollution in Britain and other countries of Europe. The pollution produced in Britain ends up mostly in Scandinavia countries in northern Europeincluding Sweden, Norway and Denmark.In the USA, the winds blow the air pollution to certain areas in Canada.HOW BAD IS ACID RAIN?When rain is acidic, it affects what it falls on trees, lakes, buildings and farmland. Sometimes rain is not very acidic and does not cause a lot of problems, but when it is acidic, it can be very harmful to the environment. TREES AND PLANTSAcid rain can have terrible effects on a forest. The acid takes away important minerals from the leaves and the soil. Minerals are like vitamins for trees and plants. Without them, trees and plants cannot grow properly. They lose their leaves and become very weak. They are no longer strong enough to fight against illnesses and frost. They become very ill and can even die. Some soils are alkaline, when acid rain falls on them the acid becomes neutral. Plants and trees living on these soils are not in any big danger..LAKES AND WATER LIFEAcid rain has a terrible effect on water life. Even if the acid rain does not fall straight into the lake, for example, it may enter from rivers and streams. Some of the life in the lake such as fish and plants may end up dying, because they cannot survive in acidic lakes. Thousands of lakes in Scandinavia have no more life in them. They have original so much acid rain for so many years, because of the winds pushing the acid gases, that nothing can survive. You can recognise a lake dead from acid rain by its clean and crystal clear water. But they look clean because there is very little living in them anymore. Tiny plants and animals are mostly unable to survive..OUR HEALTHParticulates very small particles of debris found in some of the air pollution are one of the main causes of health problems. In towns and cities, these are released mainly by diesel engines from cars and trucks. When we breathe in air pollution, these very fine p articulates can easily enter our body, where they can cause breathing problems, and over time evencause cancer. Water we drink from taps can be contaminated by acid rain, which can damage the brain.. BUILDINGSAcid rain can also ruin buildings because the acid eats into metal and colliery. It also damages stained glass and plastics. Some types of building materials are softer than others, and it is the softer ones which are most affected by acid rain. Sandstone and limestone are examples of stone which are fairly soft and are damaged easily. Granite is an example of a harder stone that can resist the effects of acid rain. In many places in the world, ancient and famous buildings and monuments are affected by acid rain. For example, the Statue of Liberty in New York, USA, has had to be restored because of acid rain damage. Buildings are naturally eroded by rain, wind, frost and the sun, but when acidic gases are present, it speeds up the erosion.

What was the social impact of Elvis Presley?

In 1955 America underwent a kindly revolution, the youth of the time wanted to express themselves. Leading the modality was panelling Presley, riding on the male monarch of television and commerciality. radical A is from a music magazine, it details dosage ride to fame, using words standardised A winner Amazing and The hottest artist, tells us that mass where buying his singles. The title Presley hot as a $1 pistol this gives the impression that dot was both dangerous and desirable. From the information in extraction A, paneling Presleys impact on the US music scene in 1955 was very classical he was selling records and appealing to a large audience the record companies would soon be battling to earn Elvis on their books.QUESTION TWOElvis impact was huge whether it was positive or negative, whether people liked him or loathed him he was everywhere. reference point B is extracts from some of the to the highest degree popular newspapers in the US. They are mostly taken from conservative newspapers they give a general negative opinion of Elvis, Mr Presley has no sing ability.Source C is from a popular broadcasting magazine it proves that people were still watching programmes that included Elvis, it doesnt however, besotted that these ratings were beca physical exercise of Elvis involvement in the show.Source D is a photograph of Elvis performing, it shows him gyrating explicitly, and it also shows young girls attain out towards him. Elvis is dressed in dark clothes adding to his mysterious demeana.Source B highlights the occurrence that Elvis is having a huge impact on American society, ancestor C also shows that Elvis could have been having a massive impact, blood line D adds further clarification to Elvis impact, he was ride people crazy having a massive effect on the young people in the 50s. twain founts support C however they both support it in different ways. Source C shows people are watching the programmes identified in source B, source D shows the main attractions of Elvis, his moving and his outrages thin for social expectations. This makes source C feasible he may well have No singing ability barely that was never the attraction.QUESTION THREEThe usefulness of a source is very important to calculate the usefulness of a source we need to know the content, the reliableness and the bias. Source E is terce quotes from three highly influential and conservative members of the American right wing.The statements vary in ferocity, source E I is fairly mild, it likens Elvis music to that of the b deficiency peoples of America. Source E II is possibly the most disturbing, To do a way with this cannibalistic, Negro-loving rock and roller. Each word as been carefully chosen to cause upper limit impact and offence. Source E III fits somewhere between the two, yet all three have equal importance.Source F is a list of top selling singles for the years 1955,1956 and 1957.Source Es content is tells us what we already knew, co nservative members of American society opposed Elvis. As with any ontogenesis these people will disapprove of the changes. This does tell us that Elvis impact was large enough to warrant peoples opinions. The reliableness of this source is good as they are onions we assume that they are as intend by the author. This source is, however, extremely biased all the opinions are from a similar group of people. In conclusion this source is moderate useful when determining Elvis impact.Source Fs content is factual information plotting the rise of Elvis chart sales. Its reliability is superb as they are undoctored facts, there is some bias as the years selected where the years when Elvis was selling records, it doesnt show the years prior to 1955 or after 1957. This source is extremely useful from this source we can learn just how full-size an impact Elvis had on the music industry, however as the social impact is not discussed it is not as valuable when discussing the social impact.Source F is the most useful source when looking at the impact caused by Elvis.QUESTION FOURBy 1958 attitudes to Elvis where beginning to change, one of the springs this change occurred was because of Elvis joining the army, this provided him a with a grounding that many of his opponents reason t respect him and realise his achievements, this combined with the fact that people were getting used to Elvis hunt to opposition fading.As with any social revolution, the revolutionary period will slowly be legitimate as the norm, this process of slowly seducing the majority of the population can take years, however Elvis appealed to the immature generation, as these people grew up they travel they people in power, the people who three years past had opposed Elvis. As the supporters of Elvis grew into positions of power the opposition crumbled.One of the main arguments people had with Elvis was his lack of patriotism, they believed his music belonged to the black people and he was undermining the American society by infiltrating it with this black music. These rumours were halted when Elvis enlisted in the army, anyone who fights for their country must have pride in their country, and this gave many of Elvis opposers the opportunity to see his achievements.The new sort was moving in and the old was moving on, the anti-Elvis attitudes were moving on with them, allowing Elvis to continue on his way to musical success.Another point to consider here is Elvis style, by now he was starting to become more commercialised Elvis was a moving picture star and Elvis merchandise was everywhere, Elvis was a household name not only for his explicit dance moves but also for his dazzling movie career.QUESTION FIVEWithout television, Elvis would never have been as famous as he was, but he was only famous because of his music and performance.The big attraction of Elvis was the fact that he is contumacious and different and exciting, his music is like nothing anyone had heard before and his dance moves were todays equilivent to sex on stage. This was the big pulling force behind Elvis. Source D shows people adoring Elvis music and performances.Although it must be said that in order to reach the millions of people he did television was crucial. In 1950 around two-thirds of the American population had television sets. One of the most popular shows was the Ed Sullivan show. Millions tuned in to watch there was something for everyone. I didnt take long for Elvis to realise this was the place to be he made several appearances on the show to terrific acclaim.During Elvis career he appeared in several films, it should be noted that Elvis was by know means a terrific television personality, more like a famous footballer who requires constant prompting and guidance, the main reason for Elvis success on the screen was the fact eh was Elvis, people werent sexual climax to see Elvis act, they were coming to see Elvis.To the teenagers of the time Elvis was a god, bored of foll owing in the steps of there parents they began to carve out identities for themselves, the invention of the Greaser and the Preppie occurred at this time. They were all united by one common cause, a need to strike back they began to slick back their hair and take care to Elvis. Elvis created the teenager with his music it provided an outlet for the troubled teens.Elvis success is mainly attributed to his music and performances but without the use of television the southern states would never have had to share him and he would never had reached the audiences he did.

Sequencing Objectives

Sequencing objectives deep down classes and courses within course is important because much of what we learn is developed through building blocks of knowledge. For example, In my current field, peerless must(prenominal) know medical terminology and anatomy and physiology In order to begin a coding class. If one does not know where the finish sinus Is In the human body, one cannot assign history of perform sinus cancer the correct V-code. One would assume that since the word sinus Is In the phrase, the V-code would be include in the nasal cavity and sinus grouping.The horrify sinus is actually located in the pharynx therefore, the V-code would be in the grouping with oral cavity and pharynx. Sequencing of the Course and Curriculum Regulate and Stein denote to macromolecule sequencing, giving the disciples an overview (epitome) that outlines the fundamental aspects of the course first. Instruction progresses with each Idea being more little and elaborating upon the previous on e. Objectives are developed to Insure that prerequisite skills are covered before advancing to the neighboring objective. Sequencing of Skills wealth the TopicBasic skills are taught first within each topic, building upon each other. Analyzing Topic Objectives to Determine training Outcomes This approach examines the relationship between the course map and the unit map. This approach looks at objectives from different breeding domains and the relationship between each, sequencing to insure that prerequisite skills are covered in earlier lessons. Sequencing of Skills within Lessons This occasion Is more detailed oriented. Objectives are sequenced In more detail, broken down Into Individual skills required wealth the lesson presented. Learning Hierarchies and Instructional SequenceAccording to Eagan, when the proper sequence of prerequisite skills is established, intellectual skill instruction is easily managed by the teacher. Knowledge-Based Sequencing Instructional design is rep resented as organizational patterns on the concept map and then utilize during the development phase to automatically generate instructional maps. Sequencing Content for Online Learning This Involves sequencing knowledge units and learning tasks within those units. Spiral Sequencing of the curriculum. And example of this is in foreign language instruction. Basic grammar skills are revisited continually as the student progresses.

Down East Spud Busters Case Analysis Essay

This leave alone give this big conglomerate grounded to the fine guy and hopefully keep the company connected on the local level as it carrys. As hidden eastbound Spud Busters expands from Canada and Maine to Idaho, Europe, the Pacific Rim, and then into across the nation sales and distri thoion, the plenty factor will become increasingly classic. By the people factor, I am of course, to put it into business terms, talking close Human Resources.Given the immense geographical expanses and logistical challenges that will no doubt be a factor in such a major expansion, Human Resources atomic number 18 going to very important as they open up the new production plant in Idaho, continue innovating at the Maine higher-value touch on plant where new, fresh ideas are paramount, penetrating international markets in Europe and the Pacific Rim where consumers hold in a totally foreign culture and speak a una bid language, and as they tap into nationwide sales and distribution here across the United States.The reason being is that folks are different wherever you go and to maintain a successful company these days, management needs to be slight rigid and more organic while treating its stakeholders as individuals with different needs and embracing diversity. But perchance youre saying to yourself right now potatoes are potatoes anywhere you go or something deal that. My chemical reaction would be that sure potatoes are potatoes but people and their cultural situations are unique wherever you go.Laws and regulations are also different wherever one might go. Legislation, the role of trade unions and g overnments and their agencies, culture and values veer between regions and countries. Therefore the particular institutional bodily structures operating in different national economies and societies are no doubt influential in my opinion, in maintaining dissimilar Human Resources policies in different countries, American states, counties, and cities. messs b ehavior and needs will be influenced by the land in which they reside, and Deep East Spuds Busters is going to adopt to adjust fit inly. If DESB holds the people factor in high regard as they expand into new territories, they will increase their chance of success exponentially. I have personally have had several(prenominal) jobs where the company couldnt care less about its employees and its not only miserable for the workers, but in my opinion its got to be bad for business as well.Companys like Home Depot, Whittier Wood Products, and literally every wood mill in the Eugene/Springfield area treats their employees like crap, doesnt pay them enough, overworks them, fires them and lays them off like its nothing, and most importantly, those businesses dont take into scotch their employees individuality at all. There are definitely companies that not only should accompany my idea of how Deep East Spud Busters should maintain their Human Resources departments, but also could be succe ssful in adopting a similar system of rulesal structure to their current and future business models.Some types of companies that I think could attain from copying DESBs current and future organizational model are of the following Land owners who have timber on their land, independent gardeners, independent gold miners, independent mushroom growers, local artisans of pottery, wood crafts, and textiles, the controversy goes on and on. There are many types of businesses that could follow a template starting with a local cooperative, refinement of received products and materials, nationwide distribution and sales involving local salesmen, and then expansion into international markets.I think companies that produce a product easily made by the individual person could follow this model and not so much highly technical and industrial fields that already have their structures well establishes. For example, it would ca-ca no sense for Intels microchip producers to follow this model but i t would make sense for an individual or small business that creates popular art pieces. Important Mechanisms Used to align Work Modular Network Temporary arrangements among partners that can be assembled and reassembled to adapt to the environment also called a virtual network.Broker A person who assembles and coordinates participants in a network. Standardization Establishing common routines and procedures that apply uniformly to everyone. Formalization The presence of rules and regulations governing how people in the organization interact. Coordination by Plan Interdependent units are required to see deadlines and objectives that contribute to a common goal. parentage Agility and Ways to Improve It Business elation is the ability of a business to adapt promptly and cost efficiently in reply to changes in the business environment.Business agility can be maintained by maintaining and adapting goods and services to meet customer demands, adjusting to the changes in a business e nvironment and taking advantage of human resources. Agility is a concept that incorporates the ideas of flexibility, balance, adaptability, and coordination under one umbrella. Put in the context of business, agility refers to the ability of an organization to rapidly adapt to market and environmental changes in productive and cost-effective ways.The agile company is an extension of this concept, referring to an organization that utilizes key principles of adaptive systems and complexity science to achieve success. One can say that business agility is the outcome of Organizational Intelligence. Different areas that enterprises can improve their business agility are through strategy, trueness to customers, and their use of technology. Organization Structure Definition Definition The typically hierarchal arrangement of lines of authority, communications, rights and duties of an organization.Organizational structure determines how the roles, function and responsibilities are assigned , controlled, and coordinated, and how information flows between the different levels of management. A structure depends on the organizations objectives and strategy. In a centralized structure, the top layer of management has most of the decision making power and has tight control over departments and divisions. In a decentralized structure, the decision making power is distributed and the departments and divisions may have different degrees of independence.A company such as Proctor amp Gamble that sells duple products may organize their structure so that groups are divided according to each product and depending on geographical area as well. An organizational chart illustrates the organizational structure Citation http//www. businessdictionary. com/definition/organizational. hypertext mark-up language Four Dimensions of an Organizational Structure Authority The legitimate right to make decisions and to tell other people what to do. Span of Control The number of subordinates who report directly to an executive or supervisor.Delegation The assignment of authority, responsibility, and accountability. centralisation When important decisions are made at the top rather than spread out over the mid(prenominal) and lower levels of an organization. 4 Basic Forms of Horizontal Structures of Organizations Functional Organization Jobs and departments that are specialized and grouped according to business functions and the skills they require production, marketing, human resource, research and development, finance, accounting, etc.Divisional Organization classifyings of all functions into a item-by-item division that duplicates functions across all divisions. These are created as an organization becomes more diverse, complicated, and spread out over geographical regions. Matrix Organization A hybrid form of organization in which functional and divisional forms overlap. sales amp statistical distribution throng gross sales amp Distribution multitude force out Gr oup strength Group Design / research Group Design / Research Group business Group fruit Group hand over Group run GroupDivisional Manager Traditional murphy direct contrast Divisional Manager Traditional Potato blood Network Organization A assemblage of independent, mostly single-function firms that collaborate to produce a good or service. Organizational Structure Chart for carry out East Spud Buster (Note Chart Represents Each Division) Sales amp Distribution Group Sales amp Distribution Group Sales amp Distribution Group Sales amp Distribution Group Sales amp Distribution Group Sales amp Distribution GroupPersonnel Group Personnel Group Personnel Group Personnel Group Personnel Group Personnel Group Personnel Manager Personnel Manager Sales amp Distribution Manager Sales amp Distribution Manager CEO CEO Divisional Manager Frozen Food blood Divisional Manager Frozen Food Line Divisional Manager Dried Food Line Divisional Manager Dried Food Line Divisional Manager Tradi tional Potato Line Divisional Manager Traditional Potato LineSupply / obtain Manager Supply / Purchase Manager Design and Research Manager Design and Research Manager Production Manager Production Manager Sales amp Distribution Manager Sales amp Distribution Manager Supply Group Supply Group Production Group Production Group Design / Research Group Design / Research Group Supply Group Supply Group Production Group Production Group Design / Research Group Design / Research Group Supply Group Supply Group Production Group Production Group Design / Research Group Design / Research Group

Project Life cycle

Project counsel plays an important role in achieving a masteryful examine as it manage the cat harmonize the schedule and budget. According to Schwalbe (201 1), stray animation cycle defined as a collection of attend phases, development, implementation and stopping point-out. There atomic number 18 five important steps in growth spew life cycle namely defining sick goal, intendning bulge out, executing project, closing project and lastly, evaluating the project (refer to count 1 in Appendix). Firstly, project manager define the project goal.Project goal is the first step as it set the objectives and purposes of the project. The goal focus on nominate business value to the organisation. The goal should give a clear focus and drives the other phases for the project team. Moreover, in this phase, project manager identify the business line and define a solution regarding it. According to Westland (2006), business case includes a detailed description of the problem, the availability of alternatives solutions, analysis of business benefits, costs, risks and issues, a preferred solution and an implementations summarized plan. consequently, a feasibility study is run to mensu identify each alternative solution option and its benefits, also reasonable forecast cost, risks nd identified issues are discussed. by and by approval of previous task, term of references are created and established. It define the vision, objectives, scope, and deliverables of the project and identify any risks, issues, assumptions and constraints. Then the project team is decided. This task is important as a successful project rely on the project team.Project manager plays role by creates a detailed Job description and choose project team ground on their skills and knowledge. From the project goal, a project can be determined its success based on given time, money and resources invested. After defining the project goal, project manager plan the project. Project planning is c rucial as the performance throughout the project is based on it. First, a project plan is created based on work breakdown structure (WBS). In WBS, the resources are allocated, provide detailed project scheduled and sequence the activities and tasks.After the project team has been decided, the team discuss the project based on things to do, how to make the project runs smoothly, cost assumption, type of resources convey and time taken to complete the project. After that, deliverables, tasks resources, and time of completion of each tasks for each hase are defined. During planning phase, project team must oblige upon the list of scope, schedule and budget. The team then create a resource plan to identify the labour, equipment, materials, software and hardware use in the project.To achieve a successful project, financial plan is important as it need to be within the budget given and enables the project manager measures the forecast spend of the project. At this point, potential risk s and actions need to be taken in risk plan to avoid any flaw and solve a problem later in the next phase. Furthermore, the project must meet drug user requirements to gain user acceptance. To inform the stakeholders progress of the project, team member need to decide communication in communication plan and for each of the team member to distribute information.Lastly, a contract with suppliers is a need for having a clear idea of suppliers role and delivery expectation. The third stage in developing project is to execute the project plan. During this stage, work out the project in accord to the gran ed t task and activities in earlier stage. According to Schwalbe (201 1), the output of project such as crop or services are produced and presented to the customer for sign off and the xecution phase is typically the longest phase in the project as it consumes the most effort and most resources.A good project is aimed at achieving the project aims and need, on time and within budget. Thus, aspects such as scope, schedule, budget and resources are properly handled throughout the phase. In the meanwhile of plan execution, the project manager need to carry out a range of management processes such as identified the change management, risks management and issues management, assured the deliverable quality and measuring all the deliverable produced against the listed criteria (Westland, 2006). Subsequently, established the comparison of the product and baseline plan in earlier stage.After that, document the information and reach the report to the project manager through the regular team meetings. With these steps finished, a phase fall over is undertaken where the reported information are analysed care amply by the project manager. This is a checkpoint to make sure the product and services has achieved the goals and customer need before proceeds to next stage. The fourth step in developing project is to termination the project. This stage includes a formally sof tware documentation and implementation of a project close report. Before the project closure, project checking is carry out as an extra insured.Westland (2006) stated that the, project close out is include ensuring all the project completion criteria have met and identified any outstanding project activities, task, risks or issues. Next, present the products to the sponsor and obtains formally acknowledge of acceptance on the delivered product or services. Finally, the project checking is completed. Based on the report, the project manager need to create the project closure report which lie of specifically document on all undertaken activities and delivered to the clients for approval Schwalbe, 2011).Once, the activities stated in the report are approved, the give activities are execute. The project closure report is ended only when all the propose activities are fully implemented. Finally, the project closure stage ended when the project manager hand over the project documentati on to the business, cancelling all suppliers contracts, releasing staff, equipment and resources, and lastly inform the closure of the project to all stakeholders and interested parties.In the final stage, the project is evaluated. After the project has been close, post-mortem is conducted to evaluate the overall project. The projects are evaluated in two categories project team military rank and project valuation. The project team evaluation is performed by passing a team and peer evaluation form to the team member and each of them are required to Judge the other team member. The rate are based on the overall attitude and contribution of the member in the project.The evaluation solvent will be used as a revise is used as a revised of payroll. On the contrary, Schwalbe (2011) stated that the project is evaluated based on how well the product or services performed against the stated objectives and conformed to the management processes outlined in the lanning phase. Lastly, Novarti s Foundation for Sustainable Development (2005) suggested that a review of on the project should be conduct to reflect the mistake and identify impact and lessons learnt for future projects.